1925 Pittsburgh Pirates season

1925 Pittsburgh Pirates
World Series champions
National League champions
LeagueNational League
BallparkForbes Field
CityPittsburgh, Pennsylvania[1]
OwnersBarney Dreyfuss
ManagersBill McKechnie
Seasons

The 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates finished first in the National League with a record of 95–58. They defeated the Washington Senators four games to three to win their second World Series championship.

The Pirates had three future Hall of Famers in their starting lineup: Max Carey, Kiki Cuyler, and Pie Traynor.

Pittsburgh defeated the Brooklyn Robins, 21–5, on June 20 and two days later won 24–6 against the St. Louis Cardinals, becoming the first team since 1901 to score 20 or more runs in consecutive games.[2][3] This feat was later matched by the 1950 Boston Red Sox.[3]

Regular season

  • May 7, 1925: Glenn Wright of the Pirates executed an unassisted triple play. He caught a line drive, touched second base and tagged the runner going back to first base.[4]

Season standings

National League
Team W L Pct. GB Home Road
Pittsburgh Pirates 95 58 .621 — 52‍–‍25 43‍–‍33
New York Giants 86 66 .566 8½ 47‍–‍29 39‍–‍37
Cincinnati Reds 80 73 .523 15 44‍–‍32 36‍–‍41
St. Louis Cardinals 77 76 .503 18 48‍–‍28 29‍–‍48
Boston Braves 70 83 .458 25 37‍–‍39 33‍–‍44
Brooklyn Robins 68 85 .444 27 38‍–‍39 30‍–‍46
Philadelphia Phillies 68 85 .444 27 40‍–‍37 28‍–‍48
Chicago Cubs 68 86 .442 27½ 37‍–‍40 31‍–‍46

Record vs. opponents

1925 National League record

Sources: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
Team BSN BRO CHC CIN NYG PHI PIT STL
Boston — 13–8 12–10 9–13 11–11 6–16 7–15 12–10
Brooklyn 8–13 — 11–11 12–10 10–12 11–11 5–17 11–11
Chicago 10–12 11–11 — 10–12 7–15 10–12 12–10 8–14
Cincinnati 13–9 10–12 12–10 — 9–13 16–6 8–13 12–10
New York 11–11 12–10 15–7 13–9 — 13–8 10–12 12–9
Philadelphia 16–6 11–11 12–10 6–16 8–13 — 8–14 7–15
Pittsburgh 15–7 17–5 10–12 13–8 12–10 14–8 — 14–8
St. Louis 10–12 11–11 14–8 10–12 9–12 15–7 8–14 —

Game log

1925 Game Log: 95–58 (Home: 52–25; Away: 43–33)
April: 5–8 (Home: 1–3; Away: 4–5)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
1 April 14 @ Cubs 2–8 Alexander Yde (0–1) — 38,000 0–1
2 April 15 @ Cubs 8–4 Meadows (1–0) Cooper Morrison (1) 6,500 1–1
3 April 16 @ Cubs 3–8 Blake Kremer (0–1) — 7,000 1–2
4 April 17 @ Cubs 6–9 Kaufmann Morrison (0–1) — — 1–3
5 April 18 @ Reds 2–12 Donohue Adams (0–1) — 8,500 1–4
6 April 19 @ Reds 2–6 Luque Yde (0–2) — 25,000 1–5
7 April 20 @ Reds 4–2 Meadows (2–0) Rixey — — 2–5
8 April 22 Cubs 6–1 Morrison (1–1) Kaufmann — 31,000 3–5
9 April 23 Cubs 9–10 Jacobs Songer (0–1) Blake 7,000 3–6
10 April 24 Cubs 2–7 Alexander Yde (0–3) — 6,000 3–7
11 April 25 Cubs 3–4 Blake Meadows (2–1) — 20,000 3–8
12 April 26 @ Cardinals 6–1 Adams (1–1) Haines — 10,000 4–8
13 April 28 @ Cardinals 7–3 Morrison (2–1) Rhem — 2,000 5–8
May: 16–9 (Home: 8–1; Away: 8–8)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
14 May 2 Reds 18–3 Meadows (3–1) Donohue — 19,000 6–8
15 May 3 @ Reds 4–5 Luque Morrison (2–2) Donohue — 6–9
16 May 7 Cardinals 9–10 Hallahan Adams (1–2) Rhem 2,000 6–10
17 May 8 @ Phillies 7–15 Carlson Meadows (3–2) — — 6–11
18 May 9 @ Phillies 6–5 Morrison (3–2) Mitchell Meadows (1) — 7–11
19 May 12 @ Phillies 5–8 Ring Aldridge (0–1) — — 7–12
20 May 12 @ Phillies 13–8 Meadows (4–2) Couch Adams (1) — 8–12
21 May 13 @ Braves 5–4 Kremer (1–1) Genewich — 5,500 9–12
22 May 14 @ Braves 7–1 Morrison (4–2) Barnes — 4,000 10–12
23 May 16 @ Braves 7–5 (10) Yde (1–3) Ryan — — 11–12
24 May 17 @ Robins 8–5 Meadows (5–2) Vance — 27,000 12–12
25 May 18 @ Robins 7–12 Grimes Aldridge (0–2) — 5,000 12–13
26 May 19 @ Robins 5–9 Ehrhardt Morrison (4–3) — 12,000 12–14
27 May 20 @ Robins 12–3 Kremer (2–1) Petty — 5,000 13–14
28 May 21 @ Giants 4–5 Scott Morrison (4–4) — 6,000 13–15
29 May 22 @ Giants 6–5 (10) Aldridge (1–2) Dean — 4,000 14–15
30 May 23 @ Giants 1–10 Greenfield Yde (1–4) — 30,000 14–16
31 May 25 Cubs 5–3 Morrison (5–4) Bush — 2,000 15–16
32 May 26 Cubs 7–2 Kremer (3–1) Jones — 6,000 16–16
33 May 27 Cubs 13–3 Aldridge (2–2) Blake — — 17–16
34 May 28 Cardinals 7–4 Meadows (6–2) Haines — 3,000 18–16
35 May 29 Cardinals 6–5 Kremer (4–1) Dickerman — 5,000 19–16
36 May 30 Cardinals 4–1 Yde (2–4) Sothoron — 18,000 20–16
37 May 30 Cardinals 15–5 Morrison (6–4) Day — 28,000 21–16
38 May 31 @ Cubs 2–11 Blake Kremer (4–2) — 18,000 21–17
June: 18–8 (Home: 13–5; Away: 5–3)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
39 June 1 @ Cubs 5–6 Bush Aldridge (2–3) Kaufmann 5,000 21–18
40 June 4 Phillies 16–3 Meadows (7–2) Knight — — 22–18
41 June 5 Phillies 5–6 (11) Mitchell Kremer (4–3) — — 22–19
42 June 6 Phillies 9–3 Yde (3–4) Carlson — — 23–19
43 June 8 Braves 8–4 Aldridge (3–3) Marquard — 3,000 24–19
44 June 9 Braves 4–7 (11) Barnes Meadows (7–3) — — 24–20
45 June 10 Braves 4–6 Graham Morrison (6–5) — — 24–21
46 June 11 Braves 11–3 Yde (4–4) Ryan — — 25–21
47 June 12 Giants 6–2 Aldridge (4–3) Barnes — 16,000 26–21
48 June 13 Giants 6–4 Meadows (8–3) McQuillan — 28,000 27–21
49 June 15 Giants 7–6 Adams (2–2) Scott — 18,000 28–21
50 June 16 Giants 13–11 (10) Meadows (9–3) Nehf — 21,000 29–21
51 June 17 Robins 8–3 Yde (5–4) Grimes — — 30–21
52 June 18 Robins 2–6 Vance Kremer (4–4) — — 30–22
53 June 19 Robins 9–6 Meadows (10–3) Ehrhardt — 6,000 31–22
54 June 20 Robins 21–5 Adams (3–2) Petty — 20,000 32–22
55 June 22 @ Cardinals 24–6 Kremer (5–4) Rhem — 4,500 33–22
56 June 24 @ Cardinals 3–11 Haines Yde (5–5) — 8,000 33–23
57 June 24 @ Cardinals 7–6 Morrison (7–5) Sherdel Adams (2) 12,000 34–23
58 June 25 @ Cardinals 4–3 Meadows (11–3) Dickerman — 3,500 35–23
59 June 26 Reds 5–3 Kremer (6–4) May — — 36–23
60 June 27 Reds 3–2 Adams (4–2) Luque — 36,000 37–23
61 June 27 Reds 2–6 Donohue Aldridge (4–4) — 35,353 37–24
62 June 28 @ Reds 5–2 Yde (6–5) Benton — 35,353 38–24
63 June 29 @ Reds 8–1 Morrison (8–5) Rixey — 1,800 39–24
64 June 30 @ Cubs 0–1 Kaufmann Meadows (11–4) — 5,000 39–25
July: 17–11 (Home: 8–3; Away: 9–8)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
65 July 1 @ Cubs 8–6 Kremer (7–4) Alexander — 3,000 40–25
66 July 2 Reds 2–1 Sheehan (1–0) Luque — — 41–25
67 July 3 Reds 0–8 Donohue Adams (4–3) — — 41–26
68 July 4 Reds 7–5 Yde (7–5) Biemiller — 22,000 42–26
69 July 4 Reds 7–1 Meadows (12–4) Rixey — 25,000 43–26
70 July 5 @ Cubs 3–2 Kremer (8–4) Bush Morrison (2) 25,000 44–26
71 July 7 @ Giants 6–7 Greenfield Sheehan (1–1) Nehf 8,000 44–27
72 July 9 @ Giants 12–3 Yde (8–5) Scott — — 45–27
73 July 9 @ Giants 5–7 Dean Morrison (8–6) — 40,000 45–28
74 July 11 @ Robins 7–6 Meadows (13–4) Grimes — 15,000 46–28
75 July 12 @ Robins 3–4 Osborne Kremer (8–5) — 15,000 46–29
76 July 13 @ Robins 4–2 Aldridge (5–4) Hubbell — — 47–29
77 July 14 @ Robins 8–5 Yde (9–5) Vance — — 48–29
78 July 15 @ Braves 3–4 Benton Morrison (8–7) — 4,000 48–30
79 July 16 @ Braves 8–9 (10) Genewich Kremer (8–6) — 3,500 48–31
80 July 17 @ Braves 7–3 (10) Adams (5–3) Graham — 3,500 49–31
81 July 18 @ Braves 9–8 Yde (10–5) Cooney Kremer (1) — 50–31
82 July 18 @ Braves 1–2 (11) Smith Morrison (8–8) — — 50–32
83 July 20 @ Phillies 3–6 Ring Meadows (13–5) — — 50–33
84 July 21 @ Phillies 2–4 Mitchell Kremer (8–7) — 1,000 50–34
85 July 23 Cardinals 3–2 Yde (11–5) Haines — 7,000 51–34
86 July 24 Cardinals 5–3 Morrison (9–8) Rhem — 8,000 52–34
87 July 25 Cardinals 2–7 Mails Adams (5–4) — 11,000 52–35
88 July 26 @ Cubs 6–4 Aldridge (6–4) Kaufmann — 22,000 53–35
89 July 27 Braves 6–5 (10) Morrison (10–8) Barnes — 5,000 54–35
90 July 28 Braves 5–1 Meadows (14–5) Benton — — 55–35
91 July 29 Braves 8–6 Yde (12–5) Cooney Morrison (3) — 56–35
92 July 30 Braves 1–5 Genewich Aldridge (6–5) — — 56–36
August: 21–10 (Home: 9–6; Away: 12–4)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
93 August 1 Phillies 2–3 Decatur Morrison (10–9) — — 56–37
94 August 1 Phillies 2–4 Ring Meadows (14–6) — 25,000 56–38
95 August 3 Phillies 3–2 Yde (13–5) Carlson Adams (3) — 57–38
96 August 3 Phillies 3–2 (11) Aldridge (7–5) Couch — — 58–38
97 August 4 Phillies 4–8 Mitchell Morrison (10–10) — — 58–39
98 August 6 Robins 5–1 Kremer (9–7) Vance — 11,000 59–39
99 August 7 Robins 10–9 Morrison (11–10) Ehrhardt — 7,000 60–39
100 August 8 Robins 12–8 Morrison (12–10) Oeschger — — 61–39
101 August 8 Robins 5–4 Adams (6–4) Ehrhardt — 35,000 62–39
102 August 10 Giants 1–2 Scott Meadows (14–7) — 20,000 62–40
103 August 11 Giants 7–4 Morrison (13–10) Dean — 22,000 63–40
104 August 12 Giants 5–3 Yde (14–5) Barnes — 22,000 64–40
105 August 13 Giants 1–4 Greenfield Aldridge (7–6) — 24,000 64–41
106 August 14 Reds 14–6 Meadows (15–7) Luque — 6,500 65–41
107 August 15 Reds 1–8 Donohue Kremer (9–8) — 20,000 65–42
108 August 16 @ Reds 1–6 Rixey Morrison (13–11) — 15,000 65–43
109 August 18 @ Robins 11–4 Aldridge (8–6) Osborne — — 66–43
110 August 19 @ Robins 7–8 Vance Meadows (15–8) — 5,000 66–44
111 August 20 @ Robins 2–1 Kremer (10–8) Grimes — 5,000 67–44
112 August 22 @ Giants 8–1 Meadows (16–8) Barnes — 51,200 68–44
113 August 22 @ Giants 2–1 Aldridge (9–6) Scott — 55,000 69–44
114 August 23 @ Giants 4–7 Greenfield Adams (6–5) Scott — 69–45
115 August 23 @ Giants 3–2 Morrison (14–11) Fitzsimmons Oldham (1) 53,000 70–45
116 August 24 @ Giants 9–2 Kremer (11–8) Dean — 25,000 71–45
117 August 25 @ Braves 1–2 Barnes Yde (14–6) — 10,000 71–46
118 August 26 @ Braves 2–0 Meadows (17–8) Smith — — 72–46
119 August 27 @ Braves 1–0 Aldridge (10–6) Benton — — 73–46
120 August 28 @ Phillies 10–9 Oldham (1–0) Ring Kremer (2) 5,000 74–46
121 August 29 @ Phillies 11–2 Yde (15–6) Decatur — — 75–46
122 August 29 @ Phillies 13–1 Kremer (12–8) Couch — 18,000 76–46
123 August 31 @ Phillies 10–3 Meadows (18–8) Knight — 5,000 77–46
September: 17–11 (Home: 13–7; Away: 4–4)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
124 September 1 @ Phillies 10–3 Aldridge (11–6) Carlson — 2,000 78–46
125 September 2 Reds 8–2 Morrison (15–11) Donohue — 8,000 79–46
126 September 3 Cardinals 5–2 Kremer (13–8) Sherdel — — 80–46
127 September 4 Cardinals 3–9 Reinhart Yde (15–7) — — 80–47
128 September 5 Cardinals 6–5 Morrison (16–11) Dyer — — 81–47
129 September 6 @ Cubs 9–2 Aldridge (12–6) Blake — 18,000 82–47
130 September 7 Cubs 8–5 Oldham (2–0) Cooper — 17,000 83–47
131 September 7 Cubs 8–9 (10) Bush Meadows (18–9) Kaufmann 27,000 83–48
132 September 8 Cubs 2–3 Alexander Yde (15–8) — — 83–49
133 September 9 Cubs 7–9 (11) Kaufmann Morrison (16–12) — — 83–50
134 September 10 @ Cardinals 9–5 Aldridge (13–6) Sothoron Sheehan (1) — 84–50
135 September 11 @ Cardinals 3–5 Haines Oldham (2–1) — — 84–51
136 September 12 @ Cardinals 0–4 Sherdel Meadows (18–10) — — 84–52
137 September 13 @ Cardinals 4–8 Mails Yde (15–9) — — 84–53
138 September 13 @ Cardinals 2–6 (5) Reinhart Morrison (16–13) — — 84–54
139 September 14 Robins 9–4 Aldridge (14–6) Ehrhardt — 4,500 85–54
140 September 16 Robins 5–3 Meadows (19–10) Elliott — — 86–54
141 September 16 Robins 6–2 Oldham (3–1) Osborne — 10,000 87–54
142 September 17 Braves 11–2 Kremer (14–8) Smith — — 88–54
143 September 18 Braves 9–7 Yde (16–9) Graham — — 89–54
144 September 19 Braves 2–1 Aldridge (15–6) Barnes — 11,000 90–54
145 September 21 Phillies 9–7 Morrison (17–13) Decatur — — 91–54
146 September 22 Phillies 14–4 Kremer (15–8) Ring — — 92–54
147 September 23 Phillies 2–1 Yde (17–9) Willoughby Sheehan (2) 2,000 93–54
148 September 24 Giants 0–4 Scott Oldham (3–2) — 12,000 93–55
149 September 26 Giants 3–4 Barnes Aldridge (15–7) — — 93–56
150 September 26 Giants 0–3 Fitzsimmons Morrison (17–14) — 18,000 93–57
151 September 27 @ Reds 4–3 (5) Kremer (16–8) Luque — — 94–57
October: 1–1 (Home: 0–0; Away: 1–1)
# Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record
152 October 4 @ Reds 4–2 Kremer (17–8) Goodwin Morrison (4) — 95–57
153 October 4 @ Reds 1–4 Donohue Culloton (0–1) — — 95–58
Legend:        = Win        = Loss
Bold = Pirates team member

Roster

1925 Pittsburgh Pirates
Roster
Pitchers
  • Babe Adams
  • Vic Aldridge
  • Bud Culloton
  • Lou Koupal
  • Ray Kremer
  • Lee Meadows
  • Johnny Morrison
  • Red Oldham
  • Tom Sheehan
  • Don Songer
  • Emil Yde
 Catchers
  • Johnny Gooch
  • Earl Smith
  • Roy Spencer

Infielders

  • Jewel Ens
  • George Grantham
  • Stuffy McInnis
  • Eddie Moore
  • Al Niehaus
  • Johnny Rawlings
  • Fresco Thompson
  • Pie Traynor
  • Glenn Wright
 Outfielders Manager

Coaches

  • Jack Onslow

Player stats

Batting

Starters by position

Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Pos Player G AB H Avg. HR RBI
C Earl Smith 109 329 103 .313 8 64
1B George Grantham 114 359 117 .326 8 52
2B Eddie Moore 142 547 163 .298 6 77
3B Pie Traynor 150 591 189 .320 6 106
SS Glenn Wright 153 614 189 .308 18 121
OF Max Carey 133 542 186 .343 5 44
OF Kiki Cuyler 153 617 220 .357 18 102
OF Clyde Barnhart 142 539 175 .325 4 114

Other batters

Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in

Player G AB H Avg. HR RBI
Johnny Gooch 79 215 64 .298 0 30
Stuffy McInnis 59 155 57 .368 0 24
Carson Bigbee 66 126 30 .238 0 8
Johnny Rawlings 36 110 31 .282 2 13
Al Niehaus 17 64 14 .219 0 7
Fresco Thompson 14 37 9 .243 0 8
Roy Spencer 14 28 6 .214 0 2
Jewel Ens 3 5 1 .200 1 2
Mule Haas 4 3 0 .000 0 0

Pitching

Starting pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G IP W L ERA SO
Lee Meadows 35 255.1 19 10 3.67 87
Ray Kremer 40 214.2 17 8 3.63 62
Vic Aldridge 30 213.1 15 7 3.63 88
Johnny Morrison 44 211.0 17 14 3.88 60
Emil Yde 33 207.0 17 9 4.13 41

Other pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G IP W L ERA SO
Babe Adams 33 101.1 6 5 5.42 18
Red Oldham 11 53.0 3 2 3.91 10
Bud Culloton 9 21.0 0 1 2.57 3

Relief pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts

Player G W L SV ERA SO
Tom Sheehan 23 1 1 2 2.67 13
Don Songer 8 0 1 0 2.31 4
Lou Koupal 6 0 0 0 9.00 0

1925 World Series

Main article: 1925 World Series

Game 1

October 7, 1925, at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Washington 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 4 8 1
Pittsburgh 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0
W: Walter Johnson (1–0)  L: Lee Meadows (0–1)
HR: WAS – Joe Harris (1), PIT – Pie Traynor (1)

Game 2

October 8, 1925, at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Washington 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 8 2
Pittsburgh 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 x 3 7 0
W: Vic Aldridge (1–0)  L: Stan Coveleski (0–1)
HR: WAS – Joe Judge (1), PIT – Glenn Wright (1), Kiki Cuyler (1)

Game 3

October 10, 1925, at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Pittsburgh 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 8 2
Washington 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 x 4 10 1
W: Alex Ferguson (1–0)   L: Ray Kremer (0–1)   S: Firpo Marberry (1)
HR: WAS – Goose Goslin (1)

Game 4

October 11, 1925, at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Pittsburgh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1
Washington 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 x 4 12 0
W: Walter Johnson (2–0)   L: Emil Yde (0–1)
HR: WAS – Goose Goslin (2), Joe Harris (2)

Game 5

October 12, 1925, at Griffith Stadium in Washington, D.C.

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Pittsburgh 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 1 6 13 0
Washington 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 3 8 1
W: Vic Aldridge (2–0)   L: Stan Coveleski (0–2)
HR: WAS – Joe Harris (3)

Game 6

October 13, 1925, at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Washington 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 2
Pittsburgh 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 x 3 7 1
W: Ray Kremer (1–1)  L: Alex Ferguson (1–1)
HR: WAS – Goose Goslin (3), PIT – Eddie Moore (1)

Game 7

October 15, 1925, at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Team 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
Washington 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 7 7 2
Pittsburgh 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 3 x 9 15 3
W: Ray Kremer (2–1)  L: Walter Johnson (2–1),   S: Red Oldham (1)
HR: WAS – Roger Peckinpaugh (1)

Awards and records

League leaders

Farm system

See also: Minor League Baseball
Level Team League Manager
C Johnstown Johnnies Middle Atlantic League Norm McNeill

LEAGUE CHAMPIONS: Johnstown

References

  1. ^ From 1882–1906, the team played in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, which became annexed by Pittsburgh as the North Side in 1907.
  2. ^ "1925 Pittsburgh Pirates Batting Game Log". Baseball Reference. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  3. ^ a b "Team Batting Streak Finder: Consecutive games with Runs Scored >= 20, In the Regular Season, since 1901". Stathead Baseball. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  4. ^ "Unassisted Triple Plays | Baseball Almanac".
  5. ^ Great Baseball Feats, Facts and Figures, 2008 Edition, p.98, David Nemec and Scott Flatow, A Signet Book, Penguin Group, New York, ISBN 978-0-451-22363-0
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.