Abaiara

Abaiara
Municipality
Flag of Abaiara
Flag
Coat of arms of Abaiara
Coat of arms
Abaiara is located in Brazil
Abaiara
Abaiara
Location in Brazil
Coordinates: 7°21′S 39°3′W / 7.350°S 39.050°W / -7.350; -39.050
CountryBrazil
RegionNortheast
StateCeará
Area
 • Total
178.8 km2 (69.0 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 [1])
 • Total
11,853
 • Density66.29/km2 (171.7/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−3 (BRT)

Abaiara is a city in the region of the Kiriri people, in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The population in 2020 was 11,853 people.

Etymology

The city was first named, in 1873, "Distrito de São Pedro", as a tribute to the Brazilian emperor Pedro II. In 1938 the name was changed to "Pedro Segundo". In 1943 the city received its current name, "Abaiara", this name in Tupi means "the lord of men", through the combination of abá ("man") and îara ("lord") (still as a reference and tribute to Pedro II).[2]

History

The first inhabitants of the region were the indigenous Kariri, of Tapuia origin. They were a strong and warlike people who became notable in colonial history for their resistance to the advance of the Portuguese.[3]

The lands located at the foothills of the Chapada do Araripe were inhabited by the Kariri Gauariú.[4][5]

Abaiara, as an urban nucleus, emerged in the 19th century, when two farmers, José Leite da Cunha and José Júlio Sampaio, settled in the area with cattle ranches.[6]

Political evolution

The first political event occurred just after the creation of the Distrito da Paz on March 27, 1873. Abaiara was first elevated to the condition of Vila on December 20, 1938, under the name of Pedro Segundo. The name was not very popular with the inhabitants and was soon replaced with the current name on December 30, 1943. Abaiara was elevated to the status of municipality on March 25, 1957.

Religion

The first non-indigenous religious event took place when Father José Antônio de Araújo erected the first church which later became the central point in the city. With the growth of the city and the natural degradation of the first church, it became obvious that a new church was necessary. This second was built next to the first one (to avoid hurting the feelings of the population). The second church was dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary and was made possible due to the actions of José Júlio Sampaio. However, the official saint remained Sacred Heart of Jesus.

Geography

Climate

The climate is tropical hot semi-arid with relatively high rainfall of 1,256 millimetres,[7] with precipitation concentrated between January and April.[8] Average temperatures range between 24 and 26 °C.[9]

Hydrography and water resources

The main water sources are the Rompe Gibão stream and the Sabonete, São Pedro, and Jitirama streams.[10]

Relief and soils

The main elevations are the São Felipe Mountains, the Mãozinha Mountains, and the Araripe Mountains.[10]

Vegetation

Most of the territory is covered by thorny deciduous forest (caatinga woodland), while higher areas in the southwestern part of the municipality contain tropical semi-deciduous rainforest (dry forest).[7]

Economy

The economy of the municipality of Abaiara is based on family farming, agriculture, livestock farming, and local commerce.[11]

References

  1. ^ IBGE 2020
  2. ^ Navarro, Eduardo de Almeida (2013). Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Global. p. 541.
  3. ^ Nimuendajú, Curt (2017). "Mapa Etno-histórico de Curt Nimuendajú". Retrieved 2024-06-29.
  4. ^ Sebok, Lou. Atlases published in the Netherlands in the rare atlas collection. National Map Collection (Canada), Ottawa.
  5. ^ Aragão, R. B. Índios do Ceará e Topônimos indígenas. Fortaleza: Barraca do Escritor Cearense, 1994.
  6. ^ "História da cidade". City Brazil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-12-20.
  7. ^ a b Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos – FUNCEME.
  8. ^ Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE.
  9. ^ "Temperatura" (in Portuguese). AccuWeather Global. 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
  10. ^ a b "Abaiara". Ceará.com.br (in Portuguese).
  11. ^ Data collected from information provided by local residents.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.