Admont Abbey

Admont Abbey
Stift Admont
Southwest view of the Admont Abbey
Interactive map of Admont Abbey
Monastery information
OrderBenedictine
Site
LocationAdmont
CountryAustria
Coordinates47°34′31″N 14°27′48″E / 47.575176133452594°N 14.463253888557226°E / 47.575176133452594; 14.463253888557226
Websitestiftadmont.at
Interior of the Admont Library.

Admont Abbey (German: Stift Admont, IPA: [ʃ͡tɪft ˈaːdˌmont]) is a Benedictine monastery located on the Enns River[1][2] in the town of Admont, Styria, Austria. The oldest remaining monastery in Styria, Admont Abbey says it contains the largest monastic library in the world[2][3] as well as a long-established scientific collection. It is known for its Baroque architecture, art, and manuscripts.

The abbey's location borders the mountainous Gesäuse National Park (the name Admont derives from the Latin expression "ad montes", which means "at the mountains").

History

Dedicated to Saint Blaise, Admont Abbey was founded in 1074 by Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg on land left by Hemma of Gurk,[1] and settled by monks from St. Peter's Abbey in Salzburg under abbot Isingrin. The second abbot, Giselbert, is said to have introduced the Cluniac reforms here. Another of the early abbots, Wolfhold, established a convent for the education of girls of noble families,[1] and the educational tradition has remained strong ever since. The monastery prospered during the Middle Ages and possessed a productive scriptorium. Abbot Engelbert of Admont (1297–1327) was a notable scholar and author of many works.[1]

One of the seven ceiling frescoes painted by Bartolomeo Altomonte in his 80th year for the library. An allegory of the Enlightenment, it shows Aurora, goddess of dawn, with the geniuses of language in her train awakening Morpheus, god of dreaming, a symbol of man. The geniuses are Grammar, Didactic, Greek, Hebrew, and Latin.

The wars against the Ottoman Empire and the Reformation (Abbot Valentine was obliged to resign because of his Reformed views) caused a lengthy decline, but with the Counter-Reformation the abbey flourished once again. In addition to the secondary school, which later moved to Judenburg, there were faculties of theology and philosophy. Abbot Albert von Muchar was well known as an historian and taught at the University of Graz.[1]

In the 17th and 18th centuries, the abbey reached a high point of artistic productivity, with the works of the world-famous ecclesiastical embroiderer Brother Benno Haan (1631–1720) and the sculptor Josef Stammel.

On 27 April 1865, a fire[1] destroyed almost the entire monastery. While the monastic archives burned, the library could be salvaged. Reconstruction began the following year but was still not complete by 1890.[4]

The economic crises of the 1930s forced the abbey to sell off many of its art treasures, and during the period of the Nazi government the monastery was dissolved and the monks evicted. They were able to return in 1946 and the abbey today is again a thriving Benedictine community.[2]

From 1641, the abbey was a member of the Salzburg Congregation, which in 1930 was merged into the present Austrian Congregation of the Benedictine Confederation.

Abbey church

The church was designed by the architect Wilhelm Bücher to replace the former church after the fire of 1865. The two west towers are 67 metres tall, and the facade contains figures of Saint Benedict and Saint Scholastica. The figure of the church's patron, Saint Blaise, tops the pinnacle of the west door.

The interior consists of a central aisle and two side aisles, off each of which are five side chapels and six altars. The picture on the altar of Mary, Maria Immaculata, is by Martino Altomonte (1657–1745).

A statue of Saint Blaise stands on top of the high altar of white Carrara marble. The choir is decorated with early 18th century tapestries by Benno Haan. In the Chapel of St. Benedict is a Baroque Corpus Christi from the workshop of Johann Meinrad Guggenbichler.

21st century

As of July 2025, the community at Admont consisted of 26 monks and the abbot was Gerhard Hafner.[5]

Library

Admont Abbey Library

The library hall, built in 1776 to designs by the architect Joseph Hueber, is 70 metres long, 14 metres wide and 13 metres high. It contains c. 70,000 volumes of the monastery's entire holdings of c. 200,000 volumes. The ceiling consists of seven cupolas, decorated with frescoes by Bartolomeo Altomonte.

The abbey possesses over 1,400 manuscripts as well as over 900 incunabulae.

Burials

Museums

Natural History Museum

Since the Baroque period the abbots had accumulated a collection of "curiosities" and scientific specimens of various sorts, which were entirely destroyed in the fire of 1865.[6] As part of the reconstruction, Father Gabriel Strobl determined to replace the lost collections, and so formed the nucleus of the modern museums. Father Strobl was himself a botanist but also worked on building up the insect collection, so much so that he became one of the great entomologists of his day. The Natural History museum now contains over 250,000 insect specimens, including one of the three largest collections of flies, or Diptera, in Europe.[7]

  • Admont Abbey
    Admont Abbey
  • Admont Abbey
    Admont Abbey
  • Lithograph by Joseph Franz Kaiser, 1825
    Lithograph by Joseph Franz Kaiser, 1825
  • Oil painting by Anton Schiffer, 1840
    Oil painting by Anton Schiffer, 1840
  • Handschriften und Inkunabeln
    Handschriften und Inkunabeln
  • Ora et labora
    Ora et labora
  • Hemma Statue
    Hemma Statue
  • Rosarium
    Rosarium
  • Admont Crucifixion
    Admont Crucifixion

Further reading

  • Michael Braunsteiner (ed.) Barockbildhauer Josef Stammel 1695–1765. Benediktinerstift Admont 1997
  • Michael Braunsteiner, Gerald Unterberger, P. Winfried Schwab, Klosterführer/Monastery Guide, Admont 2006
  • Abt Bruno Hubl, Michael Braunsteiner, Admont, Ein Fotoportät von Rudi Molacek, Admont 2003, ISBN 3-9501594-1-X
  • Adalbert Krause Stift Admont. Kolorit, Wien 1974, ISBN 3-85142-001-2
  • Rudolf List Stift Admont 1074–1974. Festschrift zur Neunhundertjahrfeier. OÖ. Landesverlag, Ried im Innkreis 1974
  • Hannes P. Naschenweng "Admont". In: Die Benediktinischen Mönchs- und Nonnenklöster in Österreich und Südtirol, bearb. von Ulrich Faust, Waltraud Krassnig, = Germania Benedictina 3/1, St. Ottilien 2000, 71-188
  • Hannes P. Naschenweng "Admont, Frauenkloster". In: Die Benediktinischen Mönchs- und Nonnenklöster in Österreich und Südtirol, bearb. von Ulrich Faust, Waltraud Krassnig, = Germania Benedictina 3/1, St. Ottilien 2000, 189-212
  • Bernhard Sebl: Besitz der „toten Hand“. Entziehung und Restitution des Vermögens der Benediktinerstifte Admont und St. Lambrecht. = Veröffentlichungen des Steiermärkischen Landesarchivs 32, Graz 2004
  • Johann Tomaschek, et al. Benediktinerstift Admont. Sehenswürdigkeiten und Sammlungen. Benediktinerstift Admont 1990

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Brock, Henry Matthias (1907). "Admont" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  2. ^ a b c "The World's Largest Monastery Library is in Austria and it's Beautiful". Twisted Sifter. December 5, 2013. Archived from the original on January 19, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
  3. ^ "Admont monastery - world largest library, architectural aspects". Archived from the original on 2015-01-11. Retrieved 2015-02-04.
  4. ^ Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon. 14th ed., Leipzig, Berlin and Vienna 1894; Vol. 1, p. 152
  5. ^ "Kloster & Mönche". Stift Admont (in German). Retrieved 2025-07-19.
  6. ^ Georgievska, Marija (January 10, 2017). "Admont Abbey: the Benedictine monastery in Austria that contains the largest monastic library in the world". The Vintage News. Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
  7. ^ "A Brief History of Austria's Admont Abbey". Culture Trip. February 16, 2018. Archived from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
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