Amazonian brown brocket
| Amazonian brown brocket | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Cervidae |
| Subfamily: | Capreolinae |
| Tribe: | Odocoileini |
| Genus: | Passalites |
| Species: | P. nemorivagus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Passalites nemorivagus | |
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Passalites tienhoveni Roosmalen, 2015 | |
The Amazonian brown brocket (Passalites nemorivagus), also known as the small brown brocket, is a small species of deer that is almost entirely restricted to South America.[1][3]
Distribution and habitat
It is known from Panama (in Isla San José of the Pearl Islands only; endemic subspecies M. n. permira), Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, Brazil and possibly northern Bolivia.[1] Habitats it is found in include primarily nonflooded Amazonian tropical rainforest, and locally also tropical deciduous forest and xeric shrublands, at altitudes up to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).[1] However, reports from the latter habitats may actually represent M. gouazoubira.[1]
Breeding
Breeding occurs year-round in some areas, with births tending to be concentrated in the rainy season.
Threats
It is threatened by deforestation and by diseases spread by cattle, but not particularly by hunting.[1]
Taxonomy
It is sympatric with the larger M. americana over much of its range (the latter tends to have significantly higher population densities), and reportedly also with M. gouazoubira in a few areas. It was considered a subspecies of M. gouazoubira, with which it is parapatric, until 2000.[1][4][5] Under normal viewing conditions it is not easily distinguished from M. gouazoubira, but unlike M. americana it is gray-brown overall with paler underparts.[4]
In 2015, the fair brocket (Passalites tienhoveni), also known as the white brocket deer or veado branco to locals, was described from the south-central Amazon near the Aripuanã River in Brazil.[6] The coloration was characterized by an overall light brown, grading toward almost white on the sides and ventrally, in contrast to the dorsal parts of M. americana, which are of a deep reddish-brown color, grading ventrally into a more rusty color, and those of M. nemorivaga which are dull or pale yellowish or grayish brown to chestnut brown, grading ventrally into yellowish or whitish.[6] It is now considered a synonym
Hybrids
The occurrence of hybrids with Subulo gouazoubira are documented.[7]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Rossi, R.V.; Duarte, J.M.B (2016). "Mazama nemorivaga". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T136708A22158407. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136708A22158407.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ "Passalites nemorivagus (F. Cuvier, 1817) Northern Brown Brocket". ASM Mammal Diversity Database. American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved 25 February 2026.
- ^ "Mazama nemorivaga". ZipcodeZoo. BayScience Foundation, Inc. Archived from the original on 2012-08-26. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
- ^ a b Rossi, R. V. (2000). Taxonomia de Mazama Rafinesque, 1817 do Brasil (Artiodactyla, Cervidae). M.Sc. Thesis, Universidade de São Paulo.
- ^ Grubb, P. (2005). "Order Artiodactyla". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 656. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b Marc G.M. van Roosmalen (2015). "Hotspot of new megafauna found in the Central Amazon: the lower Rio Aripuanã Basin" (PDF). Biodiversity Journal. 6 (1): 219–244.
- ^ Galindo, David Javier; Martins, Gabriela Siqueira; Vozdova, Miluse; Cernohorska, Halina; Kubickova, Svatava; Bernegossi, Agda Maria; Kadlcikova, Dita; Rubes, Jiri; Duarte, José Maurício Barbanti (February 2021). "Chromosomal Polymorphism and Speciation: The Case of the Genus Mazama (Cetartiodactyla; Cervidae)". Genes. 12 (2): 165. doi:10.3390/genes12020165. PMC 7911811. PMID 33530376.