Exclusive jurisdiction
Exclusive jurisdiction exists in civil procedure if one court has the power to adjudicate a case to the exclusion of all other courts. The opposite situation is concurrent jurisdiction (or non-exclusive jurisdiction) in which more than one court may take jurisdiction over the case.
Exclusive jurisdiction is typically defined in terms of subject matter.
For example, 28 U.S.C. § 1334 gives the United States district courts exclusive jurisdiction over all matters arising in bankruptcy with a few exceptions.
On the federal level, exclusive jurisdiction allows the US Supreme Court to review the decisions in lower courts.
Various states usually grant exclusive jurisdiction for filing lawsuits in one particular circuit court,[1] police court, quasi-appellate body, or superior court.[2]
See also
- Original jurisdiction--the power of a court to hear a case for the first time
- Appellate jurisdiction--the power of a court to hear a case on appeal
References
- ^ Hogate, Enoch George (1907). Hogate's Pleading and Practice: A Treatise on the Law of Pleading and Practice Under the Indiana Code of Civil Procedure, with Reference to the Most Recent Amendments Thereto and in the Light of All the Adjudicated Cases Construing Its Provisions, Volume 1. Bobbs-Merrill Co. pp. 30–35. Retrieved March 26, 2026.
- ^ The American and English Encyclopedia of Law. 1890. pp. 290–292. Retrieved March 26, 2026.