Family tree of Muhammad

This family tree is about the relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as a family member of the family of Hashim and the Quraysh tribe which is ‘Adnani.^[a][3][4][5] In Islamic tradition, Muhammad is believed to be descended from Ishmael, the son of Abraham, through the Hashim tribe who are considered prophets in Islam, a biblical figure; however, neither Abraham nor Ishmael's existence has been independently corroborated by historians.

Modern historians don't take the Family tree as a fact.^[6] In the pre-Islamic (and early Islamic) period,^[7] genealogical trees were a product of the oral tradition of the Days of the Arabs, shaped according to social needs and the interests of the listeners.^[8] Contemporary historiography unveiled the lack of inner coherence of this genealogical system and demonstrated that it finds insufficient matching evidence; the distinction between Qahtanites and Adnanites is believed to be a product of the Umayyad Age, when the war of factions (al-niza al-hizbi) was raging in the young Islamic Empire.^[9]

• * indicates that the marriage order is disputed
• Note that direct lineage is marked in bold.

According to Islamic prophetic tradition, Muhammad descended from Adnan.^[10] Tradition records the genealogy from Adnan to Muhammad comprises 21 generations. The following is the list of chiefs who are said to have ruled the Hejaz and to have been the patrilineal ancestors of Muhammad.^[5] His Ancestors were generally referred to by their laqabs or titles, names will be mentioned alongside each title.

• AD 570 – Muhammad
• AD 545 – Abdullah
• AD 497 – Abd al-Muttalib (Shaybah)
• AD 464 – Hashim (Amr)
• AD 439 – Abd Manaf (Al-Mugheerah)
• AD 406 – Qusayy (Zayd)
• AD 373 – Kilab (Hakeem)
• AD 340 – Murrah
• AD 307 – Ka'b
• AD 274 – Lu'ayy
• AD 241 – Ghalib
• AD 208 – Fihr
• AD 175 – Malik
• AD 142 – An-Nadr (Quraysh)^[11]
• AD 109 – Kinanah (Kinana Tribe)
•   AD 76 – Khuzaymah
•   AD 43 – Mudrikah ('Amer)
•   AD 10 – Ilyas
•   23 BC – Mudar
•   56 BC – Nizar
•   89 BC – Ma'add
• 122 BC – Adnan

Islamic tradition and Arabic oral genetic tradition agree that the lineage from Adnan to Isma'il is lost. Nevertheless, there are records that survived, although they are deemed mere speculations by most scholars.^[12]

'Adnan was the ancestor of the 'Adnani Arabs of northern, central and western Arabia and a direct descendant of Isma'il.^[12] It is not confirmed how many generations are between them; however, Adnan was fairly close to him. According to the Hebrew Bible, Isma'il had twelve sons who are said to have become twelve tribal chiefs throughout the regions from Havilah to Shur (from Assyria to the border of Egypt).^[13]

Genealogists differ from which son of Isma'il the main line of descent came, either his eldest son Nabeet or Al-Nabt (Nebaioth), or his second son Qidar (Kedar) was the father of the North Arabian people that controlled the region between the Persian Gulf and the Sinai Peninsula.

Islamic tradition states that Ibrahim is related to Adam.^[14]

Secular scholars agree that the narrations considering Ibrahim's lineage to Adam are mythology. Most of the lineage is borrowed from Hebrew tradition or Isra'iliyyat.

It is unclear how many generations are between Ibrahim and Nuh. Nuh's son Sam (Shem) is considered the ancestor of the Semitic race.^[b]

• Ibrahim (Abraham)
• Azar (Terah)
• Nahur
• Sharugh
• Ra'u
• Shalikh
• 'Aabir (Eber) (Hud)
• Arfakhshadh
• Sam (Shem)
• Nuh (Noah )^[15]
• Lamik
• Mutu Shalakh
• Idris (Enoch)
• Yarid
• Mahla'il
• Qinan
• Anush
• Sheeth (Seth)
• Adam^[16][17]

• Sayyid, an honorific title denoting people accepted as descendants of Muhammad
• Abraham's family tree
• Descent from Adnan to Muhammad
• Ahl al-Bayt
• Family tree of Ali
  • Hashemites
  • Idrisid dynasty
  • Alaouite dynasty
• Umdat al-Talib