Heteroneura
| Heteroneura | |
|---|---|
| |
| Plume moth from family Pterophoridae on Boerhavia diffusa in Hyderabad, India. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Clade: | Neolepidoptera |
| Infraorder: | Heteroneura |
| Subdivisions | |
| |
Heteroneura is a clade in the insect order Lepidoptera that comprises over 99% of all butterflies and moths.[1] Its monophyly has been strongly supported by molecular evidence.[2] Heteroneura is the sister group to the infraorder Exoporia (swift moths and their relatives),[3] and is characterised by wing venation which is not similar— i.e., homoneurous—[4] in both pairs of wings.
Though early patterns of divergence within the Heteroneura have not yet been ascertained with much confidence,[5][2] the leaf-mining Nepticuloidea appear to be the sister group to all other members of the clade. Species in this subgroup include some of the smallest lepidopterans identified.[6]
References
- ^ Niels P. Kristensen (1999). Handbuch der Zoologie : eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches. Bd. 4, Arthropoda : Hälfte 2, Insecta : Teilbd. 35, Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies : Vol. 1. Evolution, systematics, and biogeography. Walter de Gruyter. p. 65. ISBN 978-3-11-015704-8.
- ^ a b Mitter, Charles; Davis, Donald R.; Cummings, Michael P. (2017-01-31). "Phylogeny and Evolution of Lepidoptera". Annual Review of Entomology. 62 (1): 265–283. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035125. ISSN 0066-4170.
- ^ Niels Kristensen (1 January 2003). Vol 2: Morphology, Physiology, and Development. Walter de Gruyter. p. 88. ISBN 978-3-11-089372-4.
- ^ "Homoneurous - Wiktionary". Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- ^ "Variety of Life". Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- ^ Grimaldi, David (2005). Evolution of the Insects. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0.
Data related to Heteroneura at Wikispecies