Hogna

Hogna
Hogna radiata
female H. transvaalica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Lycosidae
Genus: Hogna
Simon, 1885[1]
Type species
Hogna radiata
(Latreille, 1817)
Species

230, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Citilycosa Roewer, 1960
  • Galapagosa Roewer, 1960
  • Isohogna Roewer, 1960
  • Lycorma Simon, 1885
  • Lynxosa Roewer, 1960
  • Trochosula Roewer, 1960

Hogna is a genus of wolf spiders with more than 200 described species. It is found on all continents except Antarctica.[1]

Life style

They live in burrows that are open and not closed with a trapdoor.[2]

  • female H. spenceri with egg sac
    female H. spenceri with egg sac
  • female H. spenceri
    female H. spenceri

Description

The typical eye pattern of Hogna species: the width of the bottom row of eyes is less than the width of the two largest eyes in the middle row.

The genus has never been properly revised, even in Europe, and a reliable diagnosis is lacking.[2]

The genitalia are very conservative and closely resemble those of many other lycosine genera, making diagnosis on genitalic characters alone difficult. Characters that may be significant include the form of the female epigyne with a very long, relatively narrow longitudinal bar of the central T-shaped structure, the dorsal color pattern with the central longitudinal pale stripe of the prosoma extending the full length as far as the posterior median eyes, the abdominal pattern with a central lanceolate mark flanked by two darker longitudinal stripes, and the dense ventral scopulae present on tarsi and metatarsi of all legs.[2]

However, the African fauna includes specimens that differ somewhat from this in either genitalic or somatic characters, some appearing intermediate between Hogna and Trochosa.[2]

Hogna carolinensis is among the largest spiders found in the United States; females may have a body length of from 22 mm (0.87 in) to 35 mm (1.4 in). The carapace of H. carolinensis is characterized by an overall dark brown coloration, usually without any patterned variations. Its abdomen has a slightly darker stripe down its center, and its ventral side is black. This spider typically dwells in a vertical tube dug into the ground that may reach as deep as eight inches.

Taxonomy

The genus is in need of revision.[2]

Etymology

The word Hogna might be a rough latinization of one of the Greek words ὄχνη (ókhnē) "pear" or ὄγχνη (ónkhnē) "pear-tree".[3]

Species

  • female H. lawrencei
    female H. lawrencei
  • H. lenta threat display
    H. lenta threat display
  • female H. transvaalica
    female H. transvaalica
  • female H. zuluana
    female H. zuluana

As of October 2025, this genus includes 229 species and four subspecies.[1]

These species have articles on Wikipedia:

  • Hogna adjacens Roewer, 1959 – South Africa
  • Hogna antelucana (Montgomery, 1904) – United States
  • Hogna arborea Lo, Wei & Cheng, 2023 – Taiwan
  • Hogna baltimoriana (Keyserling, 1877) – Canada, United States
  • Hogna bimaculata (Purcell, 1903) – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa
  • Hogna carolinensis (Walckenaer, 1805) – Canada, United States, Mexico
  • Hogna coloradensis (Banks, 1894) – United States, Mexico
  • Hogna denisi Roewer, 1959 – South Africa
  • Hogna deweti Roewer, 1959 – South Africa
  • Hogna ericeticola (Wallace, 1942) – United States
  • Hogna frondicola (Emerton, 1885) – Canada, United States
  • Hogna idonea Roewer, 1959 – South Africa
  • Hogna infulata Roewer, 1959 – South Africa
  • Hogna ingens (Blackwall, 1857) – Madeira
  • Hogna lawrencei (Roewer, 1960) – Botswana, South Africa
  • Hogna lenta (Hentz, 1844) – United States
  • Hogna lupina (Karsch, 1879) – Sri Lanka
  • Hogna miami (Wallace, 1942) – United States
  • Hogna pseudoceratiola (Wallace, 1942) – United States
  • Hogna radiata (Latreille, 1817) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Middle East, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia (type species)
    • H. r. minor (Simon, 1876) – Mediterranean
  • Hogna schreineri (Purcell, 1903) – Namibia, South Africa
  • Hogna simoni Roewer, 1959 – Cameroon, DR Congo, Angola, South Africa
  • Hogna spenceri (Pocock, 1898) – Rwanda, South Africa, Eswatini
  • Hogna thetis (Simon, 1909) – São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Hogna transvaalica (Simon, 1898) – Botswana, South Africa
  • Hogna unicolor Roewer, 1959 – Mozambique, South Africa
  • Hogna zuluana Roewer, 1959 – South Africa

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Genus Hogna". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2025-10-02.
  2. ^ a b c d e Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S.; Haddad, C.R.; Foord, S.H.; Lotz, L.N. (2021). The Lycosidae of South Africa. Version 1: part 1 (A-H). South African National Survey of Arachnida Photo Identification Guide. p. 57. doi:10.5281/zenodo.6324709. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  3. ^ Bosselaers, Jan (2009-11-15). "Origin of the name "Hogna", a genus of wolf spiders". Taxacom. University of Kansas. Retrieved 2021-03-01. They did not strike me as overly pear-shaped, but who knows.
  • Kaston, Benjamin Julian (1953). How to Know the Spiders. Pictured key nature series (1st ed.). Dubuque, IA: W.C. Brown Co. ISBN 0-697-04898-5. OCLC 681432632. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
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