Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh

Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh
Ухнаагийн Хүрэлсүх
Official portrait, 2022
President of Mongolia
Assumed office
25 June 2021
Prime MinisterLuvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
Gombojavyn Zandanshatar
Nyam-Osoryn Uchral
Preceded byKhaltmaagiin Battulga
Prime Minister of Mongolia
In office
4 October 2017 – 27 January 2021
PresidentKhaltmaagiin Battulga
DeputyÖlziisaikhany Enkhtüvshin
Yangugiin Sodbaatar
Preceded byJargaltulgyn Erdenebat
Succeeded byLuvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia
In office
23 July 2016 – 4 October 2017
Prime MinisterJargaltulgyn Erdenebat
Preceded byTserendashiin Oyunbaatar
Succeeded byÖlziisaikhany Enkhtüvshin
In office
10 December 2014 – 6 August 2015
Prime MinisterChimediin Saikhanbileg
Preceded byDendev Terbishdagva
Succeeded byTserendashiin Oyunbaatar
Chairman of the Mongolian People's Party
In office
21 November 2017 – 25 June 2021
Preceded byMiyeegombyn Enkhbold
Succeeded byLuvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
Member of the State Great Khural
In office
2000–2004
ConstituencyKhentii Province
In office
2004–2008
ConstituencyKhentii Province
In office
2012–2012
ConstituencyClosed list
In office
2020–2021
ConstituencyKhentii Province
Minister for Professional Inspection
In office
28 January 2006 – 29 November 2007
PresidentNambaryn Enkhbayar
Prime MinisterMiyeegombyn Enkhbold
Sanjiin Bayar
Preceded byDambyn Dorligjav
Succeeded byPosition abolished
Minister for Emergency Situations
In office
28 September 2004 – 28 January 2006
PresidentNatsagiin Bagabandi
Nambaryn Enkhbayar
Prime MinisterTsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded bySainbuyangiin Otgonbayar
Personal details
Born (1968-06-14) 14 June 1968
PartyMongolian People's Party
SpouseLuvsandorjiin Bolortsetseg
Children2 daughters
Alma materDefense University of Mongolia
National University of Mongolia
WebsiteOfficial website
Military service
AllegianceMongolian People's Republic
Branch/serviceMongolian People's Army
Years of service1985–1990
RankColonel

Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh[a] (born 14 June 1968) is a Mongolian politician who has been the sixth president of Mongolia since 2021. He previously served as the 30th prime minister from 2017 to 2021 and was elected to the Parliament of Mongolia four times – in 2000, 2004, 2012, and 2020.

Before his premiership, Khürelsükh served in the Mongolian government as Minister for Emergency Situations from 2004 to 2006, Minister for Professional Inspection from 2006 to 2008, and two stints as deputy prime minister between 2014 and 2017. He was the secretary-general of the Mongolian People's Party from 2008 to 2012 and its chairman from 2017 to 2021.[1]

Background

Khürelsükh was born to a driver's family[2] on 14 June 1968 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. His father, Ukhnaa, was born in Khentii-Sükhbaatar Province, prompting Khürelsükh to take up his father's birthplace as his constituency. In an interview he gave for TV25, Khürelsükh stated that his father met his mother in Govi-Altai Province while he was making wells. The couple then moved to the capital, Ulaanbaatar, where Khürelsükh was born.

According to an April 2024 article in JICA magazine, Khürelsükh stated on a 2022 visit to Japan that he "fondly remembers the warm hospitality of his host family when he came to Japan for a JICA training program as a young man."[3] Prior to his birth, his father and older sister found a small bronze axe next to a hot spring well, thus prompting the family to name the newborn Khürelsükh, which literally means 'bronze axe'. Khürelsükh has one older brother, one older sister, and two younger brothers, most of whom are also drivers.

Education

Khürelsükh graduated from the Secondary School No. 2 in 1985. He graduated from the University of Defense in 1989, with a major in political studies. He studied public administration at the Institute of State Administration and Management Development and Law at the National University of Mongolia, from which he graduated in 1994 and 2000, respectively.[4]

Military career

From 1989 to 1990, Khürelsükh served as a political deputy in the 1152nd Unit of the Mongolian People's Army.[5][6] He was the first Mongolian military officer to resign from duty to maintain his party membership in 1990 when the government sought to separate party membership from various (public) offices. Khürelsükh has the rank of colonel.

Political career

Beginnings (1989–2000)

Khürelsükh then went on to work as a political officer at the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party in the early 90s, making him one of the youngest officers in the Central Committee.[7] Khürelsükh was appointed as adviser at the MPRP parliamentary group secretariat in 1994. Having worked there until 1996, he further rose through the ranks to become the general director of the Youth Development Center of the MPRP. This stint led him to found the Mongolian Democratic Socialist Youth Federation (MDSYF), now the Social Democracy Mongolian Youth Union, in 1997.[8] He held the position until 2005, which led him to be called the leader of the party's so-called “youth faction”.[9]

Khürelsükh caught the public's attention in the 1990s by organizing demonstrations and hunger strikes in opposition to the political situation at the time.[10]

Rising through the political ranks (2000–2016)

In 2000, Khürelsükh ran for a member of parliament, winning and serving two consecutive terms in the State Great Khural. While serving his second term as Member of Parliament, Khürelsükh was appointed Minister of Emergency Situations in 2004–2006 and Minister of Professional Inspection in 2006–2008.[11] In 2007 he founded the Left-wing Association of Mongolia, an NGO that supports the Mongolian People's Party. The majority of the founding members were activists in the MDSYF, who had aged out of the party's youth wing.[12]

Khürelsükh with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo in 2018

Khürelsükh was also successful within his party, having been elected to the Governing Board of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party for eight years starting from 2000. In 2008, he was unanimously voted the Secretary-General of the Party. Khürelsükh served as the Secretary-General until 2012, when he resigned.[6]

In 2012, Khürelsükh was elected Member of Parliament for a third time. He was appointed the Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia in 2013, serving in this role for four years until he was appointed Prime Minister of Mongolia in 2017.[8] He was awarded the United Nations Champion for Disaster Risk Reduction in 2017.

Prime Minister of Mongolia (2017–2021)

Mongolia's parliament confirmed the nomination of Khürelsükh as the 30th prime minister of Mongolia in October 2017.[13] Khürelsükh succeeded Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat, who was voted out of office in September 2017 amid allegations of corruption and incompetence.[14] During his confirmation hearing, the new prime minister stated “My cabinet... will declare justice again,” and, added, “don’t come to me with illegal acts as well as my cabinet members and don’t pressure us to act illegally.”[15]

One of Khürelsükh's largest projects is the oil refinery plant in Dornogobi province of Mongolia. The oil refinery, established with support from India, will be capable of processing 1.5 million tonnes of crude oil per year, or 30,000 barrels per day, which will be enough to cover domestic needs.[16]

He has made significant contributions to Mongolia's foreign relations. In April 2018, during an official visit to China, Khürelsükh signed 11 bilateral agreements worth $450 million, including a pact for economic and technological cooperation worth 2 billion yuan ($315 million).[17]

The Prime Minister's visit to the United States of America in September 2018 elevated the cooperation levels between the two countries to an expanded comprehensive partnership.[18] This paved the way for Mongolia and the US to become strategic partners a year later.[19] During the historic visit Khürelsükh met the Secretary of State Michael Pompeo to ink the $350 million Millennium Challenge Corporation Mongolia Water Compact.[20]

Khürelsükh and Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe in Tokyo, Japan, 13 December 2018

He has also served as a mediator between Japan and North Korea.[21] Khürelsükh made an official visit to Japan in December 2018 and met Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to reiterate close bilateral cooperation as part of a Japan-Mongolia Summit Meeting. Following the summit meeting, the signing of the “Memorandum of Cooperation Between the Ministry of the Environment of Japan and the Ministry of Environment and Tourism of Mongolia on Environmental Cooperation” took place in the presence of the two leaders, and a Japan-Mongolia joint statement and fact sheet for the “Japan-Mongolia Mid-term Action Plan for a Strategic Partnership” were also issued.[22] The two sides also discussed about the New Ulaanbaatar International Airport.

Khürelsükh has also contributed to bilateral relations with South Korea, choosing South Korea as one of his first official trips abroad. In January 2018, Khürelsükh spent three days in South Korea, accompanied by 7 cabinet ministers, and met with the president of South Korea Moon Jae-in[23] and the prime minister of South Korea Lee Nak-yon.[24]

Khürelsükh represented the Mongolian Government at the 73rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, addressing the General debate to raise issues such as inequality, human rights, and climate change.[25]

A little over a year after he was appointed, Khürelsükh survived a no confidence vote amid a corruption scandal implicating high-level politicians. In a council meeting the previous month, Khürelsükh demanded that several high-ranking officials step down for various reasons, including incompetence, resulting in the vote to oust him from office.[26]

Khürelsükh led his Mongolian People's Party to a landslide victory in the parliamentary election on 24 June 2020. In his election campaign, he noted that Mongolia would become an energy independent country from Russia.[27] He and his party are credited for having successfully reduced air pollution in the country's capital, championing the Constitutional reform, and keeping the country relatively safe from the COVID-19 pandemic.[28] However, he resigned from his post on 21 January 2021, citing street protests against public health service shortcomings.[29] Khürelsükh continued to serve as a member of parliament, representing Khentii province in the State Great Khural.

Khürelsükh with Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu in October 2018.

Party roles

Khürelsükh started his political career as a political officer at the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) in 1991. Between 1994 and 1996, he worked as an adviser to the secretariat of the MPRP's faction in the Parliament of Mongolia. He was one of the leading figures within the party to initiate and implement the institutional reforms of the youth organization of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. He established the Mongolian Democratic Socialist Youth Federation by MPRP and served as president two times, between 1997 and 1999, and from 2000–2005. In 2000, he was elected to the Governing Board of MPRP, which is the core decision-making body of MPRP. In 2008, Khürelsükh was elected as Secretary General of MPRP. In 2010, under the leadership of Sükhbaataryn Batbold, Chairman of MPRP and in cooperation with similar-minded party colleagues, Khürelsükh championed the process of restoring the original name of the party – Mongolian People's Party, which was changed to "Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party" in 1924 by the recommendation of Comintern in order to demonstrate the solidarity with socialist parties at that time.

2021 presidential campaign

On May 2, the Mongolian People's Party nominated Khürelsükh as its candidate for the presidential election on June 9. Khürelsükh was unanimously chosen during the MPP's conference virtually held in Ulaanbaatar on Sunday.[30] On May 24, Khürelsükh started his official campaign from his home province of Khentii. Ahead of the election, Khürelsükh was ranked as the most popular politician in the country in a MEC poll.[31]

Presidency (2021–present)

Inauguration

He was inaugurated on 25 June 2021 at 11:40 am in the Great Hall of the State Palace. Preceding the ceremony, Khürelsükh, accompanied by his spouse, paid respects to the Statue of Chinggis Khaan.[32][33]

Ceremonial public actions

On 4 July 2021, he attended the first flight during the opening ceremony of Chinggis Khaan International Airport.[34]

Presidential appointees

On 25 June, Khürelsükh issued a decree on appointing Y. Sodbaatar as the Chief of Staff of the Office of the President and Jadambyn Enkhbayar as the Secretary of the National Security Council.[35] Khürelsükh also issued an order on 28 June appointing the following advisor posts:[36]

  • A. Byambajargal – Advisor on Legal Policy
  • B. Davaadalai – Advisor on Economic Policy
  • E. Odbayar – Advisor on Foreign Policy
  • D. Bum-Ochir – Advisor on Cultural and Religious Policy
  • C. Lodoiravsal – Advisor on Technological Policy

Tenure

On 20 October 2025, Khürelsükh vetoed the dismissal of Gombojavyn Zandanshatar as prime minister by the State Great Khural, citing procedural errors.[37]

Foreign policy

Khürelsükh with Russian president Vladimir Putin and Chinese president Xi Jinping during a trilateral meeting on 2 September 2025

In September 2022, Khürelsükh arrived in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, to attend the 22nd meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. He took part in a trilateral meeting with Russian president Vladimir Putin and Chinese president Xi Jinping.[38] At the Eightieth session of the United Nations General Assembly in 2025, he delivered a speech that mostly praised horses.[39]

Central Asia

During his tenure, Khürelsükh has made several state visits to Central Asian countries since 2023. These trips were seen by both international[40] and domestic analysts[41] as a broader strategic bolstering of Mongolia's relations with Central Asia as part of the Third Neighbor Policy.[42]

In July 2023, Khürelsükh welcomed the president of the Kyrgyz Republic, Sadyr Japarov, to Ulaanbaatar.[43] Later in 2024, Khürelsükh toured the capitals of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan between June and October of 2024. After his state visit, Khürelsükh greeted the president of Kazakhstan, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, in Mongolia and jointly declared a strategic partnership between the two countries.[44][45] Subsequently, Mongolia welcomed Serdar Berdimuhamedow and Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the leaders of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, in June 2025; the first-ever visits by a Turkmen and Uzbek leader.[40] The relations between Mongolia and Uzbekistan were elevated to a comprehensive partnership during president Mirziyoyev's visit.[46] A month later, Khürelsükh visited Tajikistan[47] and Kyrgyzstan, where he and president Japarov jointly declared a comprehensive partnership in July 2025.[48]

Within two years, Khürelsükh, as president, made state visits to all of the Central Asian countries and received four of the five leaders in Ulaanbaatar. He became the first Mongolian sitting president to visit Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.

International trips as president

List of foreign visits by Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
Date Country City Type of visit/Reason for visit
19–23 September 2021  United States New York 76th United Nations General Assembly[49]
15–18 December 2021  Russia Moscow State visit[50]
14–17 September 2022  Uzbekistan Samarkand 22nd SCO summit[51]
7–8 November 2022  Egypt Sharm El Sheikh COP27[52]
27–28 November 2022  China Beijing State visit[53]
29 November 2022  Japan Tokyo State visit[54]
6 May 2023  United Kingdom London Coronation of Charles III and Camilla[55]
15–17 September 2023  Cuba Havana Group of 77 summit[56]
20–22 September 2023  United States New York 78th United Nations General Assembly[57]
10–14 October 2023  France Paris State visit[58]
17–20 October 2023  China Beijing Belt and Road Forum[59]
1–5 November 2023  Vietnam Hanoi State visit[60]
5–7 November 2023  Laos Vientiane State visit[61]
28 November–1 December 2023  United Arab Emirates Dubai COP28[62]
23–26 June 2024  Uzbekistan Tashkent State visit[63]
3–5 July 2024  Kazakhstan Astana 24th SCO summit[64]
26 July 2024  France Paris Opening ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympics[65]
10–13 October 2024  Turkmenistan Ashgabat State visit[66]
11–13 November 2024  Azerbaijan Baku COP29[67]
15–19 January 2025  Turkey Ankara State visit[68]
9–12 March 2025  Czechia Prague State visit[69]
13–14 March 2025  Poland Warsaw State visit[70]
7–10 May 2025  Russia Moscow Victory Day Parade[71]
20–23 July 2025  Kyrgyz Republic Bishkek State visit[72]
23–26 July 2025  Tajikistan Dushanbe State visit[47]
31 August–3 September 2025  China Tianjin 25th SCO summit[73][74] and 80th Victory Day Parade[75]
22–24 September 2025  United States New York 80th United Nations General Assembly[76]
13–16 October 2025  India New Delhi State visit[77]
1–3 December 2025  Italy Rome State visit[78]
4–5 December 2025  Vatican City Vatican City State visit[79]
20–23 April 2026  Kazakhstan Astana State visit[80]

Summary list of high government/party positions

  • President of Mongolia (2021–present)
  • Commander-in-Chief of the Mongolian Armed Forces (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister of Mongolia (2017–2021)
  • Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia (2016–2017)
  • Secretary-General of the Mongolian People's Party (2008–2012)
  • Minister for Professional Inspection (2006–2008)
  • Minister for Emergency Situations (2004–2006)
  • Head of the Social Democracy Mongolian Youth Union (1997–2004)

Personal life

Khürelsükh is married and has two daughters.[81] His wife is a kindergarten teacher, while his eldest daughter is a human rights lecturer at a university. He enjoys playing guitar with his band called 'Pals', which was formed when he turned 50. The former prime minister is also an avid motorbike fan,[82] founding the Harley-Davidson fan club in Mongolia.

See also

  • Cabinet of Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh

Notes

  1. ^ Mongolian: Ухнаагийн Хүрэлсүх, pronounced [ʊχˈnaɣʲiɴ ˈxurĕɮsux]

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