Parody film

A parody film or spoof film is a subgenre of comedy film that lampoons other film genres or films as pastiches,[1][2][3] works created by imitation of the style of many different films reassembled together. Although the subgenre is often overlooked by critics, parody films are commonly profitable at the box office.[4] Parody is related to satire, except that "parody is more often a representation of appreciation, while a satire is more often...pointing ...out the major flaws of an object through ridicule."[5] J.M. Maher notes that the "difference is not always clear" and points out that "some films employ both techniques".[6] Parody is found in a range of art and culture, including literature, music, theater, television, animation, and gaming.

The first film parody was The Little Train Robbery (1905), which makes fun of The Great Train Robbery (1903), in part by using an all-child cast for the Western spoof. Historically, when a genre formula grows tired, as in the case of the moralistic melodramas in the 1910s, it retains value only as a parody, as demonstrated by Buster Keaton shorts that mocked that melodrama genre.[7]

Influential parody actors and creators from the first half of 20th century included the Marx Brothers (active 1905–1949), W. C. Fields (active 1898–1946), Mae West (active 1907–1978), Laurel and Hardy (active 1927–1955), and Bob Hope (active 1922–1999).[8] The 1970s and 1980s have been called the "golden age" of parody movies, led by Mel Brooks and the "ZAZ trio" (David Zucker, Jim Abrahams, and Jerry Zucker). Brooks' parodies included a Western parody, Blazing Saddles (1974), a horror parody, Young Frankenstein (1974), and a space opera parody, Spaceballs (1987). The ZAZ trio is best known for their film which parodies a number of 1960s and 1970s genres (from exploitation film to kung fu film), The Kentucky Fried Movie (1977) and their air disaster film parody, Airplane! (1980).[6] Woody Allen also contributed several parodies.

In the 2000s, the increasing availability of digital cameras (and then smartphones) that could shoot video and accessible editing software made it possible for amateur and early-stage professional creators to make parodies and post them online.[6]

1900s

  • The Little Train Robbery (1905)

1910s

  • Teddy at the Throttle (1917)

1920s

  • Mud and Sand (1922)
  • Dr. Pyckle and Mr. Pryde (1925)
  • Yes, Yes, Nanette (1925)
  • The Lost Whirl (1926)

1930s

  • Free and Easy (1930)
  • Movie Crazy (1932)
  • Number Seventeen (1932)
  • Once in a Lifetime (1932)
  • Satan Met a Lady (1936)
  • Ali Baba Goes to Town (1937)
  • Sh! The Octopus (1937)
  • King Klunk (1933)
  • Mickey Mouse The Pet Store (1933)

1940s

  • The Great Profile (1940)
  • You Nazty Spy! (1940)
  • Playmates (1941)
  • Crazy House (1943)
  • Along Came Jones (1945)
  • The Wistful Widow of Wagon Gap (1947)

1950s

  • Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops (1955)

1960s

  • Carry On Spying (1964)
  • Harum Scarum (1965)
  • Carry On Cowboy (1965)
  • Don't Lose Your Head (1966)
  • For a Few Dollars Less (1966)
  • The Dove (1968)
  • Zuckerkandl (1968)

1970s

  • Carry On Henry (1971)
  • The Groove Tube (1974)
  • Vampira (1974)
  • Uptown Saturday Night (1974)
  • The Black Bird (1975)
  • Once Upon a Girl (1976)
  • Queen Kong (1976)
  • The Big Bus (1976)
  • Carry On Emmannuelle (1978)

1980s

  • Wholly Moses! (1980)
  • Murder Can Hurt You (1980)
  • The Private Eyes (1980)
  • Closet Cases of the Nerd Kind (1980)
  • Under the Rainbow (1981)
  • Student Bodies (1981)
  • Saturday the 14th (1981)[12]
  • The Creature Wasn't Nice (1981)
  • Young Doctors in Love (1982)[12]
  • Pandemonium (1982)
  • Wacko (1982)
  • Hysterical (1983)
  • Bullshot (1983)
  • Agent 000 and the Deadly Curves (1983)
  • Bloodbath at the House of Death (1984)
  • Bloodsuckers from Outer Space (1984)[13]
  • Surf II: The End of the Trilogy (1984)
  • The Toxic Avenger (1984)
  • The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood (1984)
  • Rustlers' Rhapsody (1985)[12]
  • When Nature Calls (1985)
  • Morons from Outer Space (1985)
  • Radioactive Dreams (1985)
  • Eat and Run (1986)
  • Reform School Girls (1986)
  • Whoops Apocalypse (1986)
  • Fresno (1986)
  • Monster in the Closet (1986)[14]
  • Hollywood Shuffle (1987)
  • Back to the Beach (1987)[12]
  • Love at Stake (1987)
  • Return of the Killer Tomatoes (1988)[12]
  • Disorganized Crime (1989)
  • Lobster Man from Mars (1989)
  • Transylvania Twist (1989)

1990s

  • A Man Called Sarge (1990)
  • Flesh Gordon Meets the Cosmic Cheerleaders (1990)
  • Killer Tomatoes Strike Back (1990)
  • Mob Boss (1990)
  • Zapped Again! (1990)
  • Killer Tomatoes Eat France (1991)
  • Wizards of the Demon Sword[16]
  • Carry On Columbus (1992)
  • The Naked Truth (1993)
  • Freaked (1993)
  • Blankman (1994)
  • Attack of the 60 Foot Centerfold (1995)
  • Ice Cream Man (1995)[18]
  • Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Movie (1996)[19]
  • Killer Condom (1996)
  • Plump Fiction (1998)
  • Liang Po Po: The Movie (1999)
  • The Underground Comedy Movie (1999)
  • The Woman Chaser (1999)

2000s

  • The Bogus Witch Project (2000)
  • The Tony Blair Witch Project (2000)
  • Der Schuh des Manitu (2001)
  • G-Sale (2003)
  • Superlópez (2003)
  • Mortadelo & Filemon: The Big Adventure (2003)
  • The Hebrew Hammer (2003)[22]
  • Lost Skeleton of Cadavra (2004)
  • 7 Zwerge – Männer allein im Wald (2004)
  • Freak Out (2004)
  • Churchill: The Hollywood Years (2004)
  • Tadeo Jones (2004)
  • Traumschiff Surprise – Periode 1 (2004)
  • The Ring Thing (2004)
  • Der Wixxer (2004)
  • My Big Fat Independent Movie (2005)
  • 18 Fingers of Death! (2006)
  • Bikini Bloodbath (2006)
  • 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug (2006)
  • Everything Other than Japan Sinks (2006)
  • Kill Buljo (2007)
  • Lissi und der wilde Kaiser (2007)
  • A.R.O.G. (2008)
  • The Nutty Professor 2: Facing the Fear (2008)
  • Mortadelo and Filemon. Mission: Save the Planet (2008)
  • Another Gay Sequel: Gays Gone Wild (2008)
  • U-900 (2008)
  • The World Is Hot Enough (2008)
  • OSS 117: Lost in Rio (2009)[12]
  • Transylmania (2009)
  • Stan Helsing (2009)
  • Dark and Stormy Night (2009)
  • Alien Trespass (2009)

2010s

  • Tamizh Padam (2010)
  • Death Kappa (2010)
  • Breaking Wind (2012)
  • 30 Nights of Paranormal Activity with the Devil Inside the Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2013)
  • Dick Figures: The Movie (2013)
  • Hrudaya Kaleyam (2014)
  • Double Barrel (2015)
  • Chirakodinja Kinavukal (2015)
  • Tooken (2015)
  • Bullyparade: The Movie (2017)
  • Tad the Lost Explorer and the Secret of King Midas (2017)
  • Superlópez (2018)
  • Airplane Mode (2019)

2020s

  • Secret Magic Control Agency (2021)
  • America: The Motion Picture (2021)
  • Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers (2022)
  • The Mean One (2022)
  • Tad, the Lost Explorer and the Emerald Tablet (2022)
  • Dicks: The Musical (2023)
  • Strays (2023)
  • Unfrosted (2024)
  • Not Another Church Movie (2024)
  • The Day the Earth Blew Up: A Looney Tunes Movie (2024)
  • Screamboat (2025)
  • The Naked Gun (2025)
  • Das Kanu des Manitu (2025)
  • Fackham Hall (2025)
  • The SpongeBob Movie: Search for SquarePants (2025)
  • Scary Movie (2026)
  • Spaceballs: The New One (2027)

Further reading

  • Gehring, Wes D. Parody as Film Genre: Never Give a Saga an Even Break. Praeger, 1999. ISBN 0-313-26186-5, 978-0-313-26186-2

References

  1. ^ "Postmodern Parody and Pastiche".
  2. ^ Johnson, Andrew (30 August 2009). "Spoofs? Don't make us laugh". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
  3. ^ Gilbey, Ryan (6 August 2009). "Spoofs: the films that ate Hollywood". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
  4. ^ Welkos, Robert W. (25 July 1998). "What Keeps Spoofs From Being Box-Office Jokes?". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
  5. ^ Mazzillo, Amanda (1 May 2017). "The Beginner's Guide: Parody". www.filminquiry.com. Film Inquiry. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  6. ^ a b c Maher, JM (20 October 2022). "Why Were Parody Movies So Popular in the 2000s?". movieweb.com. Movieweb. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  7. ^ Balducci, Anthony (28 November 2011). The Funny Parts: A History of Film Comedy Routines and Gags. McFarland. ISBN 9780786488933. Retrieved 3 October 2018 – via Google Books.
  8. ^ Gehring, Wes D. Parody as Film Genre: Never Give a Saga an Even Break. Praeger, 1999.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak The Top 100 Parody/Spoofs of All Time-Flickchart
  10. ^ Oddball Films:What the F(ilm)?! 16: You Can't Handle the Spoof! - Fri. April 8th - 8PM
  11. ^ Booker, Keith M (2010). Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. xxiv.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l The Best Parody/Spoofs of All Time-Flickchart
  13. ^ "Blood Suckers from Outer Space (1984) - Glen Coburn | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
  14. ^ "Monster in the Closet (1987) - Bob Dahlin | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
  15. ^ The Top 100 Parody/Spoof>of All Time-Flickchart
  16. ^ "Wizards of the Demon Sword (1991) - Fred Olen Ray | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
  17. ^ Hicks, Chris (7 July 1992). "Film review: Mom and Dad Save the World". Deseret News. Salt Lake City, Utah. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  18. ^ https://www.allmovie.com/movie/ice-cream-man-am47659
  19. ^ Cable comedy troupe tries the big screen Review: "Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Movie" is long on name, and pretty long on laughs, too, if you get past its slow set-up. : Baltimore Sun
  20. ^ Why Galaxy Quest Was The Perfect Star Trek Parody|ScreenRant
  21. ^ "Jesus Christ Vampire Hunter (2001) - Lee Demarbre | Synopsis, Movie Info, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
  22. ^ "The Hebrew Hammer (2004) - Jonathan Kesselman | Synopsis, Movie Info, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
  23. ^ a b c Lee, Aaron (27 January 2008). "Surely you can't be serious". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 25 December 2010. Spoof films are routinely snubbed by Oscar and are even looked down upon by other comedies. But the genre's producers often just laugh all the way to the bank.
  24. ^ a b c 20 Best Parody Movies, According To Rotten Tomatoes|ScreenRant
  25. ^ https://www.allmovie.com/movie/black-dynamite-am34877
  26. ^ Scary Movie 5
  27. ^ [1] Archived 25 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine THE WALKING DECEASED
  28. ^ Gingold, Michael (2 July 2020). ""Notzilla," Spoof of the Monsters is Coming This Summer; Info and Poster". Rue Morgue. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  29. ^ Millican, Josh (3 July 2020). "Poster & First Look at Award-Winning Kaiju Comedy Notzilla Releasing August 18th". Dread Central. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
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