Marshall, Illinois

Not to be confused with Marshall County, Illinois.

Marshall, Illinois
City
Marshall, Illinois Court House
Marshall, Illinois Court House
Interactive map of Marshall, Illinois
Marshall is located in Illinois
Marshall
Marshall
Marshall is located in the United States
Marshall
Marshall
Coordinates: 39°22′55″N 87°41′34″W / 39.38194°N 87.69278°W / 39.38194; -87.69278[2]
CountryUnited States
StateIllinois
CountyClark
Founded1835
Area
[1]
 • Total
3.68 sq mi (9.53 km2)
 • Land3.66 sq mi (9.49 km2)
 • Water0.015 sq mi (0.04 km2)
Elevation
[2]
620 ft (190 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
3,947
 • Density1,076.7/sq mi (415.71/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
62441
Area code217
FIPS code17–47163
GNIS feature ID2395021[2]
WebsiteCity of Marshall, Illinois

Marshall is a city in and the county seat of Clark County, Illinois, United States,[3] located approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of Terre Haute, Indiana. The population was 3,947 at the 2020 census.

History

Marshall was officially organized by William B. Archer in 1835, eight years after the National Road entered the community.[4] The city was named after John Marshall, chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.[5] Marshall was incorporated on May 14, 1873.[6]

In 1863, Marshall was the scene of conflict in which local Copperheads, who opposed the Civil War, sought to protect soldiers who had deserted from the Union Army. In March, 1863, an army detail from Indiana arrested several deserters. A local judge, Charles H. Constable, freed the deserters and ordered the arrest of two Union sergeants on kidnapping charges. This resulted in the dispatch of 250 soldiers under the command of Col. Henry B. Carrington by special train from Indianapolis, who surrounded the courthouse, freed the sergeants and arrested judge Charles H. Constable. The judge was, however, absolved several months later after presenting a highly technical defense.[7]

Marshall was home to the Handy Writers' Colony, 1950–1964. The most famous writer associated with the Colony was the novelist James Jones, who built a home in Marshall and lived there ca. 1952–1957.

Geography

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Marshall has a total area of 3.68 square miles (9.53 km2), of which 3.67 square miles (9.51 km2) (or 99.59%) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) (or 0.41%) is water.[8]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18801,885—
18901,9000.8%
19002,0779.3%
19102,56923.7%
19202,222−13.5%
19302,3686.6%
19402,75816.5%
19502,9607.3%
19603,27010.5%
19703,4686.1%
19803,379−2.6%
19903,5555.2%
20003,7716.1%
20103,9334.3%
20203,9470.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[9]
The Archer House Hotel is one of seven sites in Marshall listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Statue of young Abraham Lincoln at the Marshall Illinois Courthouse

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, Marshall had a population of 3,947 and 1,129 families residing in the city.[10][11][12]

The population density was 1,072.26 inhabitants per square mile (414.00/km2). There were 1,921 housing units at an average density of 521.87 units per square mile (201.50 units/km2).[10] Of the 1,737 households, 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 38.9% were married-couple households, 20.7% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 32.9% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[11]

The median age was 41.7 years. 22.0% of residents were under the age of 18, and 20.8% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females, there were 96.5 males; for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males age 18 and over. 0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.[11][13]

Of housing units, 9.6% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.3%, and the rental vacancy rate was 5.4%.[11]

Racial composition as of the 2020 census[12]
Race Number Percent
White 3,673 93.1%
Black or African American 25 0.6%
American Indian and Alaska Native 10 0.3%
Asian 35 0.9%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 0 0.0%
Some other race 59 1.5%
Two or more races 145 3.7%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 132 3.3%

Income and poverty

The median income for a household in the city was $51,201, and the median income for a family was $65,387. Males had a median income of $40,613 versus $32,910 for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,448. About 12.5% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.8% of those under age 18 and 2.0% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The downtown district is centered on the county courthouse. The town's major employer, ZF, operates an automotive electronics manufacturing facility, employing a thousand area residents. Marshall is the site of the oldest continually operated hotel in Illinois, the Archer House.

Arts and culture

Every autumn Marshall holds a Fall Festival.

The Marshall post office contains an oil on canvas mural, Harvest, painted in 1938 by Miriam McKinnie. Murals were produced from 1934 to 1943 in the United States through the Section of Painting and Sculpture, later called the Section of Fine Arts, of the Treasury Department.[14]

Government

The Marshall City Council consists of nine members: eight aldermen and the mayor.[15]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Marshall, Illinois
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  4. ^ Marshall from the National Road Association Of Illinois website
  5. ^ "Profile for Marshall, Illinois, IL". ePodunk. Archived from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  6. ^ "Marshall, Illinois". City-Data.com. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  7. ^ Stephen E. Towne, "'Such conduct must be put down' – The Military Arrest of Judge Charles H. Constable during the Civil War", Journal of Illinois History, vol 9, no. 1, Spring 2006, p. 43
  8. ^ "Gazetteer Files". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  9. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  10. ^ a b "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  11. ^ a b c d "2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2026.
  12. ^ a b "2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2026.
  13. ^ "2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)". United States Census Bureau. 2023. Retrieved April 28, 2026.
  14. ^ Arnesen, Eric (2007). Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-Class History. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge. p. 1540. ISBN 9780415968263.
  15. ^ "Meet the Council". City of Marshall, IL. Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  16. ^ Towne, Stephen E. (2006). Journal of Illinois History (PDF). Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.
  17. ^ 'Illinois Blue Book 1927-1928,' Biographical Sketch of Waalter E. Cork, pg. 278-279
  18. ^ 'Illinois Blue book 1971-1972, Biographical Sketch of John W. Lewis, pg. 45
  19. ^ "Ed Mayer". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
  20. ^ 'Scholfield Dead,' The Argus (Illinois Wesleyan University), February 14, 1893
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