Seal (mechanical)

Compression seal example

A seal is a device or material that helps join systems, mechanisms, or materials together to contain pressure, prevent leakage of fluid (e.g. in a pumping system), or exclude contamination. The effectiveness of a seal depends on compression in the case of gaskets and adhesion in the case of sealants. Seals are installed in pumps in a wide range of industries including chemicals, water supply, paper production, food processing, and many other applications.[1]

A stationary seal may also be referred to as a "packing".

Seal types:

Seals relying on compression

  • Closure (container)
    • Crown cork, a.k.a. bottle cap
    • Lid
  • Compression fitting
  • Compression seal fitting
  • Diaphragm seal
  • Double seam, the crimped seal used in canning
  • End-face mechanical seal
  • Face seal
  • Gasket or mechanical packing
  • Hose coupling
  • Inflatable seal, a seal that inflates and deflates in three basic directions of operation: the axial direction, the radial-in direction, and the radial-out direction. Each of these inflation directions has its own set of performance parameters for measurements such as the height of inflation and the center-line bend radius that the seal can negotiate. Inflatable seals can be used for numerous applications with difficult sealing issues.
  • Obturating ring
  • Piston ring
  • Radial shaft seal
  • Stopper (plug), a.k.a. bung or cork
  • Washer
    • Bodok seal, a specialized gas sealing washer for medical applications
    • Bonded seal, also known as Dowty seal or Dowty washer. A type of washer with integral gasket, widely used to provide a seal at the entry point of a screw or bolt [2][3]
    • O-ring
    • O-ring boss seal
  • Stuffing box (mechanical packing)
  • Wiper seal
  • Split seal,[4] multi-part seals that offer easier installation and maintenance
  • Bridgman seal, a piston sealing mechanism that creates a high-pressure reservoir from a lower pressure source

Seals relying on fusion or adhesive bonding

Seals made by liquids blocking gases

Non-contact seals

  • Dry gas seal
  • Hydrodynamic seal
  • Hydrostatic seal
  • Labyrinth seal, a seal which creates a tortuous path for the escaping gas or liquid

See also

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  • Joining technology
  • Leak

References

  1. ^ "GFS Mechanical Seals". Gallagher Seals. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
  2. ^ "The Dowty Bonded Seal" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  3. ^ "Bonded Seals". Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  4. ^ "Information about Split Seals". Mechanical Seals. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
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