Palaquium

Palaquium
	Palaquium gutta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Ericales
Family:	Sapotaceae
Subfamily:	Sapotoideae
Genus:	Palaquium; Blanco
Synonyms
	Croixia Pierre; Dichopsis Thwaites; Galactoxylon Pierre; Treubella Pierre;

Palaquium is a genus of about 120 species of trees in the family Sapotaceae.^[4] Their range is from India across Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and Australasia, to the western Pacific Islands.^[3]^[5]

Description

Within their range, Palaquium species are mostly found in the Philippines and Borneo. In Borneo, many species are recorded in the Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak.^[5]

The leaves are typically spirally arranged and often clustered near twig ends. Flowers are mostly bisexual, though some unisexual instances are known. Fruits are one- or two-seeded with rare instances of several seeds. Palaquium habitats are coastal, lowland mixed dipterocarp, swamp, and montane forests.^[5]

Some species, for example Palaquium gutta, are well known for producing gutta-percha latex.^[5]

Species

As of February 2026 Plants of the World Online accepts 120 species:^[6]

Palaquium abundantiflorum H.J.Lam
Palaquium amboinense Burck
Palaquium annamense Lecomte
Palaquium barnesii Merr.
Palaquium bataanense Merr.
Palaquium beccarianum (Pierre) P.Royen
Palaquium bintuluense Chantar.
Palaquium bourdillonii Brandis
Palaquium brassii H.J.Lam
Palaquium burckii H.J.Lam
Palaquium calophyllum (Teijsm. & Binn.) Pierre ex Burck
Palaquium canaliculatum (Thwaites) Engl.
Palaquium clarkeanum King & Gamble
Palaquium cochleariifolium P.Royen
Palaquium confertum H.J.Lam
Palaquium crassifolium Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium cryptocariifolium P.Royen
Palaquium cuprifolium Elmer
Palaquium dasyphyllum Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium decurrens H.J.Lam
Palaquium densivenium K.Krause
Palaquium dubardii Elmer
Palaquium edenii Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium elegans Griffoen & H.J.Lam
Palaquium ellipticum (Dalzell) Baill.
Palaquium elliptilimbum Merr.
Palaquium elongatum Merr.
Palaquium eriocalyx H.J.Lam
Palaquium erythrospermum H.J.Lam
Palaquium ferrugineum Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium fidjiense Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium firmum C.T.White
Palaquium formosanum Hayata
Palaquium foxworthyi Merr.
Palaquium galactoxylum (F.Muell.) H.J.Lam
Palaquium garrettii Fletcher
Palaquium gigantifolium Merr.
Palaquium glabrifolium Merr.
Palaquium glabrum Merr.
Palaquium globosum H.J.Lam
Palaquium grande (Thwaites) Engl.
Palaquium gutta (Hook.) Burck
Palaquium hansenii Chantaranothai
Palaquium herveyi King & Gamble
Palaquium heterosepalum Merr.
Palaquium hexandrum (Griff.) Baill.
Palaquium hinmolpedda P.Royen
Palaquium hispidum H.J.Lam
Palaquium hornei (Hartog ex Baker) Dubard
Palaquium impressionervium Ng
Palaquium karrak Kaneh.
Palaquium kinabaluense P.Royen
Palaquium laevifolium (Thwaites) Engl.
Palaquium lanceolatum Blanco
Palaquium leiocarpum Boerl.
Palaquium lisophyllum Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium lobbianum Burck
Palaquium loheri Merr.
Palaquium luzoniense (Fern.-Vill.) Vidal
Palaquium macrocarpum Burck
Palaquium maingayi (C.B.Clarke) Engl.
Palaquium majas H.J.Lam
Palaquium maliliense P.Royen
Palaquium masuui P.Royen
Palaquium merrillii Dubard
Palaquium microphyllum King & Gamble
Palaquium mindanaense Merr.
Palaquium montanum Elmer
Palaquium morobense P.Royen
Palaquium multiflorum Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium neoebudicum Guillaumin
Palaquium njatoh Burck
Palaquium obovatum (Griff.) Engl.
Palaquium obtusifolium Burck
Palaquium oleosum Burck
Palaquium ottolanderi Koord. & Valeton
Palaquium oxleyanum Pierre
Palaquium pauciflorum (Thwaites) Engl.
Palaquium petiolare (Thwaites) Engl.
Palaquium philippense (Perr.) C.B.Rob.
Palaquium pierrei Burck
Palaquium pinnatinervium Elmer
Palaquium polyandrum C.B.Rob.
Palaquium polyanthum (Wall. ex G.Don) Baill.
Palaquium porphyreum A.C.Sm. & S.P.Darwin
Palaquium pseudocalophyllum H.J.Lam
Palaquium pseudocuneatum H.J.Lam
Palaquium pseudorostratum H.J.Lam
Palaquium quercifolium (de Vriese) Burck
Palaquium ravii Sasidh. & Vink
Palaquium regina-montium Ng
Palaquium ridleyi King & Gamble
Palaquium rigidum Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium rioense H.J.Lam
Palaquium rivulare H.J.Lam
Palaquium rostratum (Miq.) Burck
Palaquium rubiginosum (Thwaites) Engl.
Palaquium rufolanigerum P.Royen
Palaquium sambasense Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium semaram H.J.Lam
Palaquium sericeum H.J.Lam
Palaquium simun P.Royen
Palaquium sorsogonense Elmer ex H.J.Lam
Palaquium stehlinii Christoph.
Palaquium stellatum King & Gamble
Palaquium stipulare Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium sukoei C.E.C.Fisch.
Palaquium sumatranum Burck
Palaquium supfianum Schltr.
Palaquium tenuifolium K.Krause
Palaquium tenuipetiolatum Merr.
Palaquium thwaitesii Trimen
Palaquium tjipetirense H.J.Lam
Palaquium vexillatum P.Royen
Palaquium vidalii Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium vitilevuense Gilly ex Royen
Palaquium walsurifolium Pierre ex Dubard
Palaquium warburgianum Schltr. ex K.Krause
Palaquium xanthochymum (de Vriese) Pierre ex Burck
Palaquium zeylanicum Verdc.

References

^ "Palaquium". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
^ 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen, as Palaquium oblongifolium, synonym of P. gutta
^ ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Stevens, Peter F. (2001). "Ericales; Sapotoideae; Palaquium". Angiosperm Phylogeny. Version 13, 2013 with updates. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Mohtar, A.P. Abang Mohd. (April 2002). "Palaquium Blanco". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 4. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 271–312. ISBN 983-2181-27-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
^ "Palaquium Blanco". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 15 February 2026.

External links

Data related to Palaquium at Wikispecies
Media related to Palaquium at Wikimedia Commons

[WCSP-1] "Palaquium". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 5 December 2013.

[2] 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen, as Palaquium oblongifolium, synonym of P. gutta

[t-3] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[Angiosperm-Phylogeny-Website-4] Stevens, Peter F. (2001). "Ericales; Sapotoideae; Palaquium". Angiosperm Phylogeny. Version 13, 2013 with updates. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 6 December 2013.

[TFSS-5] Mohtar, A.P. Abang Mohd. (April 2002). "Palaquium Blanco". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 4. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 271–312. ISBN 983-2181-27-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2013.

[powo-6] "Palaquium Blanco". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 15 February 2026.

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