珊迦

珊迦
中世紀描繪的珊迦
前任以笏?
继任底波拉?

珊迦（希伯來語：שַׁמְגַּר‬）是《士師記》中記載的士師。士師記有兩次提到珊迦，都是用「亞拿的兒子」稱稱呼他，兩次分別記載如下：

  1. 第一次的記載中，珊迦把非利士人趕出以色列，用趕牛的棍子打死六百非利士人（士师记 3:31）
  2. 第二次的記載是出現在底波拉寫的詩裡，詩中把珊迦視為以前的首領之一，但是當時以色列社會沒有正常運作，道路無人行走，旅行者需繞路而行（士师记 5:6）

《士師記》中對珊迦的記載和其他士師不同，首次提到珊迦時，沒有介紹、沒有結論，沒有提及治理期間有多長[1]，也沒有提到他是以色列的士師[2]，而接下來的文字直接承接前文的敘述[3]。在許多早期的抄本中，把珊迦的記載放在參孫後面，而不是在以笏以後，兩者的描述方式較接近；有些學者認為這比較像是這段記載最原始的位置[3][1]。

珊迦的舉動類似《撒母耳記下》所記載，大衛的勇士中的沙瑪[4]。學者也不太確定這兩人是否是同一人，而後來士師記的記載才移到此處，或者這兩人確實是不同的兩位英雄[4]。

已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。
Scholars also believe that the name of the individual may originally have been Shammah, and became corrupted under the influence of the Shamgar in the Song of Deborah.[3] The term usually translated as oxgoad is a biblical hapax legomenon,[1] the translation into English being made on the basis of the 七十士譯本's translation into Greek.

The other mention of Shamgar, that in the Song of Deborah, connects Shamgar with a low period of Israelite society.

《猶太百科全書》 suspects him of having been a foreign oppressor of the Israelites, rather than an Israelite ruler.[3] From the form of the name, it is suspected that Shamgar may actually have been a 赫梯, a similar name occurring with Sangara, a Hittite king of 卡尔凯美什; more recent scholars hold that the name is of 胡里安人 origin and may well be Šimig-ari.[5]

The Bible also indicates that he was the "son" of 阿纳特 (the name of a 迦南宗教 deity). In recent years, arrowheads bearing the names ben-anat and Aramaic bar anat, dating from the 11th to 7th centuries BC, have been discovered.[6] This has led several recent scholars to theorize that the expression "son of Anath" probably designates a warrior title.[7]

參考資料和引用

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Peake's Commentary on the Bible
  2. ^ Shamgar | Encyclopedia.com. www.encyclopedia.com. [2024-08-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-05）. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3  此條目包含現處於公共領域的出版物中的內容：Emil G. Hirsch, George A. Barton. Shamgar. Singer, Isidore; et al (编). 犹太百科全书. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company. 1901–1906. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Richard R. Losch. All the People in the Bible: An A-Z Guide to the Saints, Scoundrels, and Other Characters in Scripture. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 13 May 2008: 394. ISBN 978-0-8028-2454-7. 
  5. ^ Smith, Mark S.; Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth M. Judges 1: A Commentary on Judges 1:1 Ð 10:5. Fortress Press. 2021 [2022-07-29]. ISBN 978-1-5064-8049-7. （原始内容存档于2023-04-26）. 
  6. ^ Lubetski, Meir; Lubetski, Edith. New Inscriptions and Seals Relating to the Biblical World. Society of Biblical Lit. 2012: 6–8 [2022-07-29]. ISBN 978-1-58983-557-3. （原始内容存档于2023-04-26）. 
  7. ^ Smith, Mark S.; Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth M. Judges 1: A Commentary on Judges 1:1 Ð 10:5. Fortress Press. 2021 [2022-07-29]. ISBN 978-1-5064-8049-7. （原始内容存档于2023-04-08）. 

外部連結

前任者：
以笏 		士師 繼任者：
底波拉和巴拉
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