釔-90

釔-90,90Y[1][2]
基本
符號90Y
名稱釔-90、Y-90
原子序39
中子數51
核素数据
豐度人造
半衰期64.05(5) 小时
母同位素90Sr (β)
衰变产物90Zr
原子量89.9071417(4) u
自旋2
过剩能量−86496.9(14) keV
结合能782404.0(4) keV
衰變模式
衰变类型衰变能量MeV
β2.2756(4)
钇的同位素
完整核素表

钇-9090
Y
)是的一种放射性同位素[3],可用于放疗中以治疗某些癌症[4]它发现于1937年,由中子轰击钇-89(钇唯一的天然同位素)制得。[5]

衰变

90Y会通过β衰变衰变成锆-90,半衰期64.05小时,衰变能量2.2756 MeV。[1][2]90Y有0.01%的几率在衰变时产生1.7 MeV的γ射线[6],导致电子正电子成对产生[7]90Y衰变放出的高能电子会产生可用于成像的刹车辐射[8]

合成

90Y主要由半衰期29年的核裂变产物锶-90衰变产生,衰变得到的90Y之后可用化学方法分离。[9]它也可通过中子照射天然钇(完全由89Y组成)制得。[10]

医药用途

通过SPECT/CT(上)与PET/CT(下)方法得到的90Y影像[8]

90Y可以治疗肝细胞癌白血病淋巴瘤,也有潜力治疗更多种肿瘤。[11]90Y应用于选择性内部放射治疗中,该方法会往动脉注射含90Y的微球[12][13]注射后,这些微球会滞留在肿瘤周围的血管中,其放射性将杀死周围的组织。[14]该治疗手段能够显著延缓肝细胞癌的恶化[15],不良事件可容忍,相比其它治疗方法而言更能改善患者的生活质量。[16]

90Y微球放射的刹车辐射可用于诊断肿瘤。[8]90Y的β衰变会产生连续的刹车辐射谱线,它们可通过伽马摄影单光子发射计算机断面成像(SPECT)检测到。[17][11]它们可确认90Y的吸收剂量,但缺乏空间信息,难以描绘解剖结构,从而评估肿瘤和正常组织分别吸收的辐射量。结合了SPECT原有的信息及计算机断层扫描(CT)提供的空间信息的SPECT/CT便从中发展,以便得到更准确的90Y吸收剂量信息。[17][11]此外,90Y可通过正电子发射断层扫描(PET)方法诊断肿瘤。[18]相较于SPECT/CT,直接检测90Y衰变产生的正电子的PET/CT和PET/MRI都能提供更多空间信息,能够更好评估90Y微球的分布和吸收剂量,但两者都更罕见、更昂贵。[17][11]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae (英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf (英语). 
  3. ^ DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA, Weinberg RA, DePinho RA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's cancer: principles & practice of oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008-04-01: 2507 [2011-06-09]. ISBN 978-0-7817-7207-5 (英语). 
  4. ^ Y-90 Handling Precautions (PDF). Berkeley Lab. [2015-07-15]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-01-15) (英语). 
  5. ^ Nystrom, A.; Thoennessen, M. Discovery of yttrium, zirconium, niobium, technetium, and ruthenium isotopes. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. 2012, 98 (2): 95–119. arXiv:1102.2381可免费查阅. doi:10.1016/j.adt.2011.12.002可免费查阅 (英语). 
  6. ^ Rault E, Vandenberghe S, Staelens S, Lemahieu T. Optimization of Yttrium-90 Bremsstrahlung Imaging with Monte Carlo Simulations. 4th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering 22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer: 500–504. 2009 [2013-10-21]. ISBN 9783540892083 (英语). 
  7. ^ d'Arienzo, Marco. Emission of β+ Particles Via Internal Pair Production in the 0+ – 0+ Transition of 90Zr: Historical Background and Current Applications in Nuclear Medicine Imaging. Atoms. 2013, 1 (1): 2–12. Bibcode:2013Atoms...1....2D. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.361.5234可免费查阅. S2CID 17248197. doi:10.3390/atoms1010002可免费查阅 (英语). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Wright CL, Zhang J, Tweedle MF, Knopp MV, Hall NC. Theranostic Imaging of Yttrium-90. BioMed Research International. 2015-04-22, 2015: 481279. PMC 4464848可免费查阅. PMID 26106608. doi:10.1155/2015/481279可免费查阅 (英语). 
  9. ^ Chinol M, Hnatowich DJ. Generator-produced yttrium-90 for radioimmunotherapy. Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 1987, 28 (9): 1465–70. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.543.5481可免费查阅. PMID 3625298 (英语). 
  10. ^ Khorshidi, Abdollah. Nano Yttrium-90 and Rhenium-188 production through medium medical cyclotron and research reactor for therapeutic usages: A Simulation study. Nuclear Engineering and Technology. 2023, 55 (5): 1871–1877. doi:10.1016/j.net.2023.02.013可免费查阅 (英语). 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Tong, Aaron K. T.; Kao, Yung Hsiang; Too, Chow Wei; Chin, Kenneth F. W.; Ng, David C. E.; Chow, Pierce K. H. Yttrium-90 hepatic radioembolization: clinical review and current techniques in interventional radiology and personalized dosimetry. The British Journal of Radiology. 2016, 89 (1062): 20150943. ISSN 1748-880X. PMC 5258157可免费查阅. PMID 26943239. doi:10.1259/bjr.20150943 (英语). 
  12. ^ Kallini JR, Gabr A, Salem R, Lewandowski RJ. Transarterial Radioembolization with Yttrium-90 for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Advances in Therapy. 2016, 33 (5): 699–714. PMC 4882351可免费查阅. PMID 27039186. doi:10.1007/s12325-016-0324-7 (英语). 
  13. ^ Semaan, Sahar; Makkar, Jasnit; Lewis, Sara; Chatterji, Manjil; Kim, Edward; Taouli, Bachir. Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Response After 90Y Radioembolization需要付费订阅. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2017, 209 (5): W263–W276 [2025-07-09]. ISSN 0361-803X. PMID 29072955. doi:10.2214/AJR.17.17993可免费查阅. (原始内容存档于2024-12-08) (英语). 
  14. ^ Understanding SIR-Spheres Y-90 Resin Microspheres. Colorectal Cancer Alliance. 2015-10-23 [2019-10-21]. (原始内容存档于2019-10-21) (英语). 
  15. ^ Salem R, Gordon AC, Mouli S, Hickey R, Kallini J, Gabr A, et al. Y90 Radioembolization Significantly Prolongs Time to Progression Compared With Chemoembolization in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2016, 151 (6): 1155–1163.e2. PMC 5124387可免费查阅. PMID 27575820. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.08.029 (英语). 
  16. ^ Salem R, Gilbertsen M, Butt Z, Memon K, Vouche M, Hickey R, et al. Increased quality of life among hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with radioembolization, compared with chemoembolization. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2013, 11 (10): 1358–1365.e1. PMID 23644386. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.04.028可免费查阅 (英语). 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Rice, Mitchell; Krosin, Matthew; Haste, Paul. Post Yttrium-90 Imaging. Seminars in Interventional Radiology. 2021, 38 (4): 460–465. ISSN 0739-9529. PMC 8497086可免费查阅. PMID 34629714. doi:10.1055/s-0041-1735569 (英语). 
  18. ^ Kao, Y. H.; Steinberg, J. D.; Tay, Y. S.; Lim, G. K.; Yan, J.; Townsend, D. W.; Takano, A.; Burgmans, M. C.; Irani, F. G.; Teo, T. K.; Yeow, T. N.; Gogna, A.; Lo, R. H.; Tay, K. H.; Tan, B. S.; Chow, P. K.; Satchithanantham, S.; Tan, A. E.; Ng, D. C.; Goh, A. S. Post-radioembolization yttrium-90 PET/CT - part 1: Diagnostic reporting. EJNMMI Research. 2013, 3 (1): 56. PMC 3726297可免费查阅. PMID 23883566. doi:10.1186/2191-219X-3-56可免费查阅 (英语).