鞋墊

鞋墊

鞋垫是指鞋中的墊子，可以提升日常穿着的舒适性、增加身高，此外某些鞋墊據稱還能緩解足底筋膜炎、支撑足弓，以及缓解因关节炎、过度使用、损伤、下肢不等长等引发的足部和关节疼痛，还可用于骨科矫正和提升运动表现。

然而鞋墊在醫學上的表現一直受到争议，其疗效缺乏明确证据支持，且临床实践差异极大：即便是权威的足病医师，针对同一患者也可能开出完全不同的鞋墊处方[1][2]。此外特定设计的鞋墊效果因患者个体差异而显著不同[3]。不过现有证据较为复杂：也有患者报告鞋墊至少在短期内改善了舒适度，同时也有其他研究证实了其有效性。[4]

参考文献

  1. ^ Nigg, Benno M. Biomechanics of Sports Shoes. 2011. 
  2. ^ Kolata, Gina. Close Look at Orthotics Raises a Welter of Doubts. The New York Times. January 17, 2011. 
  3. ^ Nigg, Benno M.; Stergiou, PRO; Cole, Gerald; Stefanyshyn, Darren; m??Ndermann, Anne; Humble, Neil. Effect of Shoe Inserts on Kinematics, Center of Pressure, and Leg Joint Moments during Running (PDF). Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2003, 35 (2): 314–319. PMID 12569222. doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000048828.02268.79. 
  4. ^ Gross, M. L.; Davlin, L. B.; Ebanski, P. M. Effectiveness of orthotic shoe inserts in the long-distance runner. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1991, 19 (4): 409–412. PMID 1897659. S2CID 23550947. doi:10.1177/036354659101900416. 
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