CXCL12

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12
	PDB rendering based on 1a15.
有效结构
PDB	直系同源检索：PDBe, RCSB
PDB查询代码列表
	1A15, 1QG7, 1SDF, 1VMC, 2J7Z, 2K01, 2K03, 2K04, 2K05, 2KEC, 2KED, 2KEE, 2KOL, 2NWG, 2SDF, 3GV3, 3HP3
标识
代号	CXCL12; IRH; PBSF; SCYB12; SDF1; SDF1A; SDF1B; TLSF; TPAR1
扩展标识	遗传学：600835 鼠基因：103556 同源基因：128606 GeneCards: CXCL12 Gene
基因本体论描述
分子功能	· receptor binding; · chemokine activity; · growth factor activity; · CXCR chemokine receptor binding;
细胞成分	· extracellular region; · extracellular space; · external side of plasma membrane;
生物过程	· patterning of blood vessels; · ameboidal cell migration; · cellular calcium ion homeostasis; · chemotaxis; · immune response; · cell adhesion; · signal transduction; · G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; · germ cell development; · brain development; · blood circulation; · motor neuron axon guidance; · regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization; · germ cell migration; · response to virus; · T cell proliferation; · negative regulation of apoptotic process; · induction of positive chemotaxis; · chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; · positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis; · negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表达模式
	更多表达数据
直系同源体
物种	人类
Entrez	6387
Ensembl	ENSG00000107562
UniProt	P48061
mRNA序列	NM_000609
蛋白序列	NP_000600
基因位置	Chr 10:; 44.79 – 44.88 Mb
PubMed查询	[1]

趋化因子CXCL12 又称基质细胞衍生因子－1(SDF-1)化学式为：C₃₈₂H₆₂₀O₉₇N₁₁₄S₅^[1]，是小分子的细胞因子，属于趋化因子蛋白家族。它有两种形式，SDF-1α/CXCL12a和SDF-1β/CXCL12b^[2]。趋化因子有四个保守的半胱氨酸残基形成两对双硫键以构成趋化因子的特殊结构。第一第二半胱氨酸残基之间隔着一个介入氨基酸残基。

趋化因子CXCL12对淋巴细胞有强烈的趋化作用并在发育中起重要作用^[3]。在胚胎發育中CXCL12引导造血干细胞从胎儿肝脏到骨髓的迁徙。CXCL12基因敲除的小鼠往往在胎中或出生后1小时内死亡^[4]^[5]。SDF-1α/CXCL12a还可以影响神经元的电生理。CXCL12可以在许多组织（包括脑，胸腺，心，肺，肝，肾，骨髓，脾脏）中表达。

趋化因子CXCL12的受体是CXCR4^[6]。但是，最近有人认为CXCL12还可以与CXCR7受体结合^[7]。

参考文献

^ Expasy - ProtParam. web.expasy.org. [2026-02-10].
^ De La Luz Sierra et al. Differential processing of stromal-derived factor-1alpha and beta explains functional diversity. Blood 103:2452-2459, 2004.
^ Bleul et al. A highly efficacious lymphocyte chemoattractant, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). J. Exp. Med. 184: 1101-1109, 1996.
^ Ara et al. Impaired colonization of the gonads by primordial germ cells in mice lacking a chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100: 5319-5323, 2003.
^ Ma et al. Impaired B-lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and derailed cerebellar neuron migration in CXCR4- and SDF-1-deficient mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 95: 9448-9453, 1998.
^ Bleul et al. The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 382: 829-833, 1996.
^ Balabanian et al. The chemokine SDF-1/CXCl12 binds to and signals through the orphan receptor RDC1 in T lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 280:35760-35766, 2005.

[1] Expasy - ProtParam. web.expasy.org. [2026-02-10].

[2] De La Luz Sierra et al. Differential processing of stromal-derived factor-1alpha and beta explains functional diversity. Blood 103:2452-2459, 2004.

[3] Bleul et al. A highly efficacious lymphocyte chemoattractant, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). J. Exp. Med. 184: 1101-1109, 1996.

[4] Ara et al. Impaired colonization of the gonads by primordial germ cells in mice lacking a chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100: 5319-5323, 2003.

[5] Ma et al. Impaired B-lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and derailed cerebellar neuron migration in CXCR4- and SDF-1-deficient mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 95: 9448-9453, 1998.

[6] Bleul et al. The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 382: 829-833, 1996.

[7] Balabanian et al. The chemokine SDF-1/CXCl12 binds to and signals through the orphan receptor RDC1 in T lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 280:35760-35766, 2005.

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