泰德·克鲁兹

泰德·克鲁兹
Ted Cruz
官方肖像摄于2019年
参议院商务委员会主席
现任
就任日期
2025年1月3日
前任玛丽亚·坎特韦尔
参议院商务委员会排名成员
任期
2023年1月3日—2025年1月3日
前任罗杰·威克
继任玛丽亚·坎特韦尔
现任
就任日期
2013年1月3日
约翰·柯宁同时在任
前任凯·贝利·哈奇森
第三任得克萨斯州副检察长
任期
2009年1月3日—2008年5月13日
指定格雷格·阿博特
前任朱莉·帕斯利
继任詹姆斯·何
个人资料
出生Rafael Edward Cruz
(1970-12-22) 1970年12月22日
加拿大艾伯塔省卡尔加里
公民权
  • 美国
  • 加拿大 (直到2014年)[1]
政党共和党
配偶海蒂·克鲁兹2001年结婚)
儿女2
亲属拉斐尔·克鲁兹 (父亲)
学历
签名
网站参议院网站
竞选网站

拉斐爾·愛德華·“泰德”·克魯茲(英語:Rafael Edward "Ted" Cruz,1970年12月22日—),美国政治家,出生於加拿大卡尔加里。作为共和党人,克鲁兹曾于2003年至2008年担任德克萨斯州副总检察长。在2012年得克萨斯参议员选举中当选参议员。自2025年起,克鲁兹担任参议院商务委员会主席。

克鲁兹从普林斯顿大学获得文学学士学位,并从哈佛法学院获得法学博士学位后,克鲁兹投身政界,最终在乔治·W·布什政府担任政策顾问。2003年,德克萨斯州总检察长格雷格·阿博特任命克鲁兹为副总检察长,他一直担任该职位至2008年。

克鲁兹于2012年首次当选美国参议员,是首位来自德克萨斯州的拉丁裔美国参议员。他在2013年联邦政府停摆事件中扮演了重要角色,试图迫使国会和奥巴马总统停止对《平价医疗法案》的拨款,但最终未能成功。克鲁兹在2018年和2024年的选举中均以微弱优势连任。2025年,他起草并领导了《废除平价医疗法案》(TAKE IT DOWN Act)的通过工作,该法案最终由特朗普总统签署成为法律。2025年5月,克鲁兹提出一项法案,旨在创建后来被称为“特朗普账户”的账户。

2016年,克鲁兹角逐共和党总统候选人提名,在竞争激烈、常常带有个人攻击色彩的初选中,他成为特朗普的强劲对手。特朗普赢得提名后,克鲁兹最初并未表态支持,但在特朗普的第一任期内转而支持他。在特朗普的第二任期内,克鲁兹又重新成为批评者。

早年生活

克鲁兹1970年12月22日[2][3]出生于加拿大艾伯塔省卡尔加里市的福特希尔斯医疗中心 ,[4][5]父母分别是埃莉诺·伊丽莎白(娘家姓 达拉)·威尔逊和拉斐尔·克鲁兹。[6][7][8][9]克鲁兹的母亲出生于特拉华州威尔明顿市,拥有四分之三的爱尔兰血统和四分之一的意大利血统,并于20世纪50年代在莱斯大学获得数学学士学位。 [10][11]

克鲁兹的父亲拉斐尔在古巴出生长大,他的父亲是加那利群岛人,幼年时移民古巴。  20世纪50年代,十几岁的拉斐尔·克鲁兹因反对巴蒂斯塔政权而遭到巴蒂斯塔手下的殴打。[12]  1957年,他离开古巴前往美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校就读,四年学生签证到期后,他获得了美国的政治庇护。 1973年,他获得加拿大国籍,并于2005年入籍美国。[8][13][14]

泰德·克鲁兹出生时,他的父母已经在卡尔加里生活了三年,他们经营一家为石油钻探提供地震数据处理服务的公司,从事石油行业。克鲁兹曾说过,他的父母都是“数学家/计算机程序员”。[15] 1974年,克鲁兹的父亲离开了家,搬到了德克萨斯州。同年晚些时候,克鲁兹的父母和好,并将家搬到了休斯顿[16]他们于1997年离婚。[17] 克鲁兹有两个同父异母的姐姐,分别是米里亚姆·塞费里娜·克鲁兹和罗克萨娜·卢尔德·克鲁兹,她们是克鲁兹父亲第一次婚姻所生的。米里亚姆于2011年因吸毒过量去世。[17][18][19]

克鲁兹13岁时开始使用“泰德”这个绰号。[20]

初中时,克鲁兹就读于休斯顿的奥蒂国际学校[21]高中时期,克鲁兹先后就读于两所私立学校:位于德克萨斯州凯蒂附近的信仰西部学院和休斯顿的第二浸信会高中,[22]并于1988年以全校第一名的成绩毕业。[13][23][24]期间,克鲁兹参加了一个总部位于休斯顿的组织,该组织当时名为自由市场教育基金会,旨在向高中生传授米尔顿·弗里德曼弗雷德里克·巴斯夏等经济学家的哲学思想。[25][26]

高中毕业后,克鲁兹进入普林斯顿大学学习公共政策。在普林斯顿大学期间,他代表美国辉格-克利奥索菲学会参加辩论,并在1992年美国全国辩论锦标赛和1992年北美辩论锦标赛上均荣获最佳辩手奖。[27] 1992年,他被美国议会制辩论协会评为年度最佳辩手,[28]并与辩手搭档大卫·潘顿共同获得年度最佳辩手称号。克鲁兹和潘顿后来代表哈佛法学院参加了1995年世界辩论锦标赛,在半决赛中负于澳大利亚队。[29][30][31]普林斯顿大学辩论队将年度新手锦标赛以克鲁兹的名字命名。在普林斯顿大学,克鲁兹是殖民地俱乐部的成员。[32]他在普林斯顿大学的115页毕业论文探讨了权力分立问题;论文题目为《剪断天使的翅膀:美国宪法第九和第十修正案背后的历史与理论》,其灵感来源于《联邦党人文集》第51篇中一段据称出自詹姆斯·麦迪逊之口的文字:“如果由天使来统治人类,那么对政府的外部和内部控制都将变得没有必要。”克鲁兹认为,宪法的起草者意在保护选民的权利,而权利法案中的最后两项条款明确地限制了国家权力的过度扩张。[10][33]克鲁兹于1992年毕业于普林斯顿大学,获得文学学士学位,成绩优异[34]

克鲁兹随后进入哈佛法学院学习,[2][35]并担任约翰·M·奥林法律与经济学研究员。[36]他曾担任《哈佛法律评论》的主编、 《哈佛法律与公共政策杂志》的执行编辑,以及《哈佛拉丁裔法律评论》的创始编辑。[37]艾伦·德肖维茨教授在谈到克鲁兹在哈佛法学院求学期间的表现时,称他“才华横溢,令人叹为观止”[38][39][40] 克鲁兹于1995年以优异的成绩从哈佛法学院毕业,获得法学博士学位。[34]

法律职业

法学院毕业后,克鲁兹于 1995 年至 1996 年担任美国第四巡回上诉法院法官J. Michael Luttig的法律助理,[36]然后于 1996 年至 1997 年担任美国最高法院首席大法官威廉·伦奎斯特的法律助理。[2]

私人律所

在最高法院担任书记员之后,克鲁兹于1997年至1998年在库珀、卡文和罗森塔尔律师事务所(现为库珀和柯克律师事务所)担任律师助理。[41] 在该事务所,克鲁兹处理了与全国步枪协会相关的事务,并协助准备了针对比尔·克林顿总统的弹劾案的证词。[42] 1998年,克鲁兹曾短暂担任众议员约翰·博纳的律师之一,参与博纳起诉众议员吉姆·麦克德莫特的诉讼,该诉讼涉及博纳被指控泄露一段非法录音的电话对话。[43][44]

布什政府

1999年,克鲁兹加入乔治·W·布什总统竞选团队,担任国内政策顾问,就包括民事司法、刑事司法、宪法、移民和政府改革在内的广泛政策和法律事务向时任州长布什提供建议。[41]2000年佛罗里达州总统选举重新计票期间,他协助组建布什的法律团队,制定策略,并起草诉状,提交给佛罗里达州最高法院和美国最高法院,参与布什诉戈尔案。[36][45]克鲁兹招募了未来的首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨和著名律师迈克·卡文加入布什的法律团队。[42]

布什就任总统后,克鲁兹曾在美国司法部担任副司法部长助理,并在联邦贸易委员会担任政策规划主任。[45][38]

德克萨斯州副检察长

2003年,德克萨斯州总检察长格雷格·阿博特任命克鲁兹为德克萨斯州副检察长[36]该办公室成立于1999年,负责处理涉及德克萨斯州政府的上诉案件,但阿博特聘用克鲁兹的初衷是希望他能在美国发挥领导作用,阐明严格解释法律的理念。作为德克萨斯州副检察长,克鲁兹曾九次在美国最高法院出庭辩护,胜诉五起,败诉四起。[15]他撰写了70份提交给美国最高法院的诉讼摘要,并进行了34次上诉口头辩论。[38][46][47]他在最高法院出庭的九次次数,是德克萨斯州执业律师和现任国会议员中最多的。[48]克鲁兹曾说:“我们最终年复一年地参与了一些全国最重大的案件的辩论。这其中既有偶然因素,也有我们为寻找和领导保守派斗争而做出的共同努力。” [49]

2003年,克鲁兹担任德克萨斯州副检察长期间,德克萨斯州总检察长办公室拒绝在劳伦斯诉德克萨斯州案中为德克萨斯州的鸡奸法辩护。在该案中,美国最高法院裁定各州禁止同性性行为的法律违宪。[50]在具有里程碑意义的哥伦比亚特区诉赫勒案中,克鲁兹起草了一份由31个州的总检察长签署的法庭之友意见陈述书,认为华盛顿特区的手枪禁令侵犯了宪法第二修正案赋予的持有和携带武器的权利,应予撤销。[47][51]他还代表法庭之友各州在与“赫勒案”相关的案件中,向美国哥伦比亚特区巡回上诉法院进行了口头辩论。[51][52]

2004年,克鲁兹参与了备受瞩目的埃尔克格罗夫联合学区诉纽道案(Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow) ,该案质疑公立学校要求学

2011年10月,克鲁兹在价值观峰会上演讲

生背诵效忠誓词(包括自1954年以来合法包含在誓词中的“在上帝之下”字样)的合宪性。 [38]他代表所有50个州撰写了一份辩护状,认为原告(一位非监护人)无权代表其女儿提起诉讼。[53]最高法院支持了克鲁兹辩护状的立场。[54]

克鲁兹担任该州的首席律师,成功地在州和联邦地区法院以及美国最高法院为 2003 年德克萨斯州国会选区重划方案辩护,应对多项诉讼挑战。在“美国拉丁裔公民联盟诉佩里案”中,最高法院以 5 比 4 的投票结果支持克鲁兹的辩护。[36][55]

麦德林诉德克萨斯州案中,克鲁兹成功地为德克萨斯州辩护,驳回了美国试图重审51名墨西哥公民案件的请求。这些公民均在美国被判谋杀罪,并被判处死刑。[36][56]在乔治·W·布什政府的支持下,请愿者辩称,美国未能告知这些被定罪的公民他们有机会从墨西哥领事馆获得法律援助,违反了《维也纳领事关系公约》。[15] 他们援引国际法院在“阿韦纳案”中的裁决作为诉讼依据。该裁决认定,美国未能允许这些公民前往墨西哥领事馆,违反了其在公约下的义务。[57]德克萨斯州以6比3的投票结果胜诉。最高法院裁定,国际法院的裁决对国内法不具有约束力,总统无权强制执行这些裁决。[58]

迈克尔·韦恩·哈利因在沃尔玛偷窃计算器于1997年被捕。[59]由于哈利有犯罪前科,他被判处16年监禁。根据德克萨斯州惯犯法,哈利被判处1年半监禁。在哈利用尽所有上诉途径后,人们发现哈利的抢劫罪行发生在他另一项定罪最终判决前三天;这引发了关于惯犯法是否适用于此案的疑问。作为副检察长,克鲁兹拒绝撤销哈利的判决,他说:“我认为正义得到了伸张,因为他得到了充分公正的审判,并有机会提出他的错误。”[60]最高法院后来以哈利提出的律师无效辩护为由,将此案发回下级法院重审。在口头辩论中,克鲁兹承认哈利的律师无效辩护理由非常充分,因为哈利的律师未能识别出量刑错误,并且他不会在上诉期间提出将哈利重新监禁的动议。[60]发回重审后,哈利被重新判处“已服刑期”。

2008年,美国律师杂志将克鲁兹评为美国45岁以下50位最佳诉讼律师之一,[61][62]《国家法律杂志》将他评为美国50位最具影响力的少数族裔律师之一 。[63][64] 2010年,《德克萨斯律师》杂志将他评为过去25年德克萨斯州25位最伟大的律师之一[65][66]

重返私人律所

2008年卸任副检察长一职后,克鲁兹加入总部位于费城的摩根路易斯律师事务所休斯顿分所,主要代理企业客户。[10][36]在摩根路易斯律师事务所,他领导了该事务所的美国最高法院和全国上诉诉讼业务。 2010年,时任州检察长格雷格·阿博特(曾聘用克鲁兹担任副检察长)决定竞选连任,克鲁兹因此放弃了竞选州检察长的计划。[13]

在摩根路易斯律师事务所,克鲁兹代表辉瑞公司处理了一起由多家公立医院和社区卫生中心提起的诉讼,这些机构指控辉瑞公司收费过高。[67] 玲珑轮胎公司被判犯有销售基于佛罗里达州一名商人前雇员窃取的蓝图的轮胎的罪行,并被勒令向该佛罗里达州商人支付2600万美元的赔偿金。克鲁兹参与撰写了这家中国公司的上诉状。[68]上诉法院驳回了上诉,维持了陪审团的裁决。克鲁兹代表制药公司贝朗公司在美国第六巡回上诉法院出庭,此前该公司被判犯有非法解雇前雇员的罪行。克鲁兹辩称,她未能证明贝朗公司指示她违法,也未能提供充分的证据证明她因拒绝违法而被解雇。上诉法院驳回了克鲁兹的论点,维持了88万美元的赔偿裁决。[68]克鲁兹代表丰田公司向德克萨斯州最高法院提起上诉,该案涉及诉讼时效问题。此前,一名丰田公司前内部律师指控丰田公司在产品责任案件中非法扣留文件,法官希望对丰田公司进行藐视法庭的调查。[69] 克鲁兹辩称,在庭外和解后案件被驳回30天后,法官的管辖权已失效,但未能成功。不过,他后来凭借同样的论点赢得了第二次上诉。[70]

克鲁兹在上诉法院为新墨西哥州两起创纪录的5400万美元人身伤害赔偿案进行辩护,其中一起案件曾被下级法院驳回。[71] 他代理的案件包括:一名据称被其居住机构员工强奸的智障男子,以及一名78岁阿尔伯克基养老院居民因内出血死亡的家属。[71][72]这两起案件的和解协议均被封存。[71][72]

美国参议院

选举

2012

2012年各县最终结果:

克鲁兹在 2012 年共和党初选中以茶党候选人的身份参选, 华盛顿邮报称他的胜利是“2012 年最大的冷门……一场真正的草根胜利,战胜了巨大的困难”。

克鲁兹在第113届国会期间

2011年1月19日,在美国参议员凯·贝利·哈奇森宣布不再寻求连任后,克鲁兹通过博客电话会议正式启动了他的竞选活动。在共和党初选中,他的对手是时任副州长戴维·德赫斯特。克鲁兹首先获得了前阿拉斯加州州长萨拉·佩林的支持,随后又获得了财政保守派政治行动委员会“增长俱乐部”  、超级政治行动委员会“美国自由行动”  、全国联播电台主持人马克·莱文、“茶党快车” 以及美国参议员、吉姆·德明特、迈克·李兰德·保罗帕特·图米的支持。他还获得了前德克萨斯州众议员罗恩·保罗[73]乔治·P·布什[74]和前宾夕法尼亚州参议员里克·桑托勒姆的支持。[75]前司法部长埃德·米斯担任克鲁兹竞选团队的全国主席。[76]

克鲁兹在共和党总统候选人提名决选中以14个百分点的优势击败德赫斯特,赢得提名。德赫斯特的支持率大幅下降,而克鲁兹的得票数较第一轮大幅上升。[75]德赫斯特(曾担任州级公职)的竞选支出远高于克鲁兹(1900万美元对700万美元),克鲁兹获胜。[77][78]

在11月6日的大选中,克鲁兹的对手是民主党候选人保罗·萨德勒,后者是一名律师,曾任德克萨斯州亨德森市的州众议员。克鲁兹以450万张选票(56.4%)击败萨德勒的320万张选票(40.6%)。另外两名小党候选人获得了剩余的3%选票。[79]根据克鲁兹的民调机构威尔逊·珀金斯·艾伦民意研究公司的民调显示,克鲁兹获得了40%的西班牙裔选票,在德克萨斯州的西班牙裔选民中支持率超过了共和党总统候选人米特·罗姆尼[80][81]

2012 年,克鲁兹与他的前任(右为参议员哈奇森)以及他未来的德克萨斯州参议员同事(左为参议员科宁)合影。

时代杂志报道称,克鲁兹在2012年竞选期间可能违反了道德规范,因为他没有公开披露与加勒比股权投资控股公司的财务关系。对此,克鲁兹表示,他没有披露这一关系是无意的。[82]

2016年1月,纽约时报报道称,克鲁兹及其妻子从高盛(其妻子当时在该公司工作)和花旗银行获得了近100万美元的低息贷款,但未按法律规定在联邦选举委员会的披露声明中申报。[83] 克鲁兹在2012年7月的参议院财务披露表格中披露了这些贷款,但并未在联邦选举委员会的表格中披露。[84]没有迹象表明克鲁兹的妻子参与了任何贷款的提供,也没有迹象表明银行有任何不当行为。[84]这些贷款大部分通过后来的竞选筹款偿还。克鲁兹的一位发言人表示,他未向联邦选举委员会申报这些贷款是“无意的”,他将提交补充文件。[83]但克鲁兹故意错过了还款期限,以挑战一项法律,该法律规定只有25万美元的个人贷款可以用选举后筹集的资金偿还。 2022 年 5 月,最高法院在FEC 诉 Ted Cruz 参议员案中支持了克鲁兹,允许他请求捐助者帮助偿还他借给竞选活动的 555,000 美元:其中 545,000 美元是他借给 2012 年竞选活动的,另外 10,000 美元是他借给 2018 年竞选活动的,超过了当时 250,000 美元的限额。[85][86]

2018年

2018年各县最终结果:

克鲁兹于 2018 年竞选连任。[87]两党初选于 2018 年 3 月 6 日举行,他以超过 80% 的得票率轻松赢得共和党提名。

克鲁兹在普选中对阵民主党候选人、美国众议员贝托·奥鲁克[88] 这场选举在德克萨斯州来说竞争异常激烈,大多数民调显示克鲁兹仅略微领先。这场选举受到了媒体的广泛关注,[89]并成为当时美国历史上最昂贵的参议院选举[90](直到2020-2021年佐治亚州参议员凯莉·洛夫勒拉斐尔·沃诺克之间的特别选举)。2018年11月6日,克鲁兹以微弱优势击败奥鲁克,得票率为50.9%对48.3%。[91]

2024年

克鲁兹竞选连任第三届参议员。[92] 11月5日,他以53.1%对44.5%的得票率[93]击败了民主党候选人科林·奥尔雷德,后者曾是美国国家橄榄球联盟球员和美国众议员。[94]

2013年政府停摆

克鲁兹在2013年美国联邦政府停摆事件中扮演了重要角色。[95][96][97][98][99]他发表了长达21小时的参议院演讲,试图阻挠联邦预算案的通过,从而取消对《平价医疗法案》的拨款。[99][100]克鲁兹说服众议院和众议院议长约翰·博纳在法案中加入了取消ACA拨款的条款。[101]

在参议院,前多数党领袖哈里·里德阻止了阻挠议事,因为只有18名共和党参议员支持。[101]在阻挠议事期间,克鲁兹朗读了苏斯博士的绿鸡蛋和火腿[102]在支持者看来,此举“表明了克鲁兹限制政府权力的决心” ,并且非常受欢迎。美国有限政府组织的里克·曼宁在国会山报的一篇评论文章中将克鲁兹评为“2013年度人物” ,[103]主要原因是他阻挠了《平价医疗法案》。克鲁兹还被保守派刊物《TheBlaze》 《美国观察家》评为“2013年度人物”,[104]被Townhall评为“2013年度保守派人士” ,并被佛罗里达州萨拉索塔县共和党评为“2013年度政治家” 。他入围了《时代》杂志2013年度人物的最终候选名单人士,[105]包括一些共和党同僚例如参议员林赛·格雷厄姆,认为此举收效甚微。[95]

尽管克鲁兹曾多次投票延长政府停摆,并被党内许多人指责是他促成了停摆,但他始终否认参与了2013年的政府停摆事件。[106][107]

奥巴马总统

2014年11月,克鲁兹在参议院的一次演讲中指责奥巴马总统“公然企图摧毁宪法和共和国”。[108]在同一次演讲中,克鲁兹援引古罗马元老西塞罗抨击喀提林的演说,谴责奥巴马计划采取的移民改革行政措施。[108]古典学教授杰西·韦纳在大西洋月刊撰文指出,克鲁兹的类比“令人深感不安”,因为“克鲁兹将奥巴马比作喀提林,这毫不掩饰地暗示现任总统并非合法当选,而是发动暴力叛乱推翻政府的罪魁祸首……实际上,他是在指控总统犯有叛国罪。无论人们对移民改革和奥巴马政府的整体立场如何,这种言论都十分危险。” [108]

克鲁兹曾多次表示,2015年与伊朗达成的国际核协议“将使奥巴马政府成为全球激进伊斯兰恐怖主义的主要资助者”。[109]对此,奥巴马称克鲁兹的言论是共和党批评者“令人愤慨的攻击”的又一例证,这种攻击已经越过了负责任的讨论底线:“一位现任参议员,同时也是总统候选人,竟然暗示我是恐怖主义的主要国家赞助者。这或许只是为了把特朗普先生从新闻头条上挤下去,但这并非美国现在需要的领导力。” [109]前共和党总统候选人米特·罗姆尼也批评了克鲁兹的言论,他写道,尽管他也反对伊朗核协议,但克鲁兹将奥巴马与恐怖主义联系起来的言论“太过分了”,而且“损害了我们的事业”。[110][111]

在大法官安东宁·斯卡利亚去世后,克鲁兹表示,应该由2016年美国总统大选的获胜者而非奥巴马来任命新的大法官。[112] 2016年6月,克鲁兹指责奥巴马政府应对奥兰多夜总会枪击案负责,理由是政府在奥马尔·马丁被列入恐怖分子监视名单期间未能对其进行有效追踪。[113] 在法国尼斯发生恐怖袭击后,克鲁兹发表声明称,由于奥巴马政府对激进伊斯兰主义者“故意视而不见”,[114]法国正面临危险。 11月菲德尔·卡斯特罗去世后,克鲁兹指责奥巴马在就卡斯特罗去世发表的公开声明中对其大加赞扬和歌颂。[115] 12月28日,国务卿约翰·克里发表讲话,为美国允许联合国通过一项谴责以色列在“未来巴勒斯坦国土地上”修建定居点的决议辩护后,克鲁兹谴责克里的讲话“可耻”,并表示历史将铭记奥巴马和克里是“以色列的顽固敌人”。克鲁兹还指责奥巴马政府有“激进的反以色列议程”。[116]

唐纳德·特朗普

2019年,克鲁兹和特朗普

2016 年总统竞选期间,克鲁兹是唐纳德·特朗普最直言不讳的批评者之一,两人经常互相发表激烈的言论,甚至攻击克鲁兹的家人。[117]

在经历了几次激烈的私人交锋后,2016年5月3日,克鲁兹谈到特朗普时说:

这个人是个病态的说谎者。他分不清真话和谎言。他说的几乎每句话都是谎话。而且,他的应对方式,在我看来简直就像是从心理学教科书中直接搬出来的一样,就是指责别人说谎。

但克鲁兹最终成为特朗普在参议院的重要盟友。[118][119] 2017年1月下旬,克鲁兹在一份书面声明中称赞最高法院提名人尼尔·戈萨奇“才华横溢,极具天赋”。[120] 2月23日,在2017年保守政治行动会议上,克鲁兹对特朗普提名一位像斯卡利亚和克拉伦斯·托马斯那样年轻的大法官表示了兴趣。[121] 3月1日,他称特朗普前一天在国会发表的联合讲话“积极”且“具有团结意义”。 克鲁兹表示,3月18日他访问海湖庄园期间,曾与特朗普的助手们就《美国医疗保健法案》进行谈判。[122] 4月6日,在沙伊拉特导弹袭击后不久,他发表声明,表示希望特朗普呼吁国会采取“对叙利亚的军事行动”,以阻止伊斯兰恐怖分子获取储存在叙利亚的武器。[123]

2018年4月,在《时代》杂志评选的2017年全球最具影响力100人榜单中,克鲁兹在特朗普的介绍文字中写道:“特朗普总统正在做他当选时承诺要做的事情:打破现状。” [124]克鲁兹的这段文字遭到了《时尚先生》杂志的查尔斯·皮尔斯[125]《GQ》杂志的杰伊·威利斯[126]以及CNN的克里斯·西利扎的批评。[127]

克鲁兹公开支持特朗普获得2024年总统大选的共和党提名。[128]

与共和党人的关系

克鲁兹曾对共和党同僚发表过激烈的言论,他与多位共和党国会议员的关系也十分紧张。[129][130] 2013年,他称那些他认为对奥巴马提案抵抗不够的共和党人为“投降党团”。[131]在一次茶党集会上,他还称其他共和党人在枪支管制问题上是“软弱无能者”。[131]克鲁兹在2013年美国联邦政府停摆事件中的角色尤其招致了多位共和党同僚的批评。[130]据报道,共和党参议员约翰·麦凯恩尤其厌恶克鲁兹;在2013年的一次参议院演讲中,麦凯恩谴责克鲁兹在讨论《平价医疗法案》时提及纳粹[130]2013年3月,麦凯恩还称克鲁兹等人为“疯子”,称他们的信仰“不能反映大多数共和党人的观点”。在2016年共和党总统初选期间,约翰·博纳形容克鲁兹是“活生生的路西法”;[132]林赛·格雷厄姆在一次采访中说:“如果你在参议院议事厅杀了特德·克鲁兹,审判也在参议院进行,没有人会判你有罪。” [133]

2015年7月,克鲁兹在参议院发表了一场激烈的演讲,指责参议院共和党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔就其重新授权美国进出口银行(克鲁兹反对该银行)的意图“彻头彻尾地撒谎” 。克鲁兹说:“我们今天所看到的,完全证明了他不仅对每一位共和党参议员说的,而且对媒体反复说的,都是彻头彻尾的谎言。” 据路透社报道,他这番“煽动性言论”在“参议院友好的氛围中实属罕见” 。[134]在同一场演讲中,克鲁兹还抨击了“国会两院的共和党多数派”,称他们的保守记录不够充分。[135]他的演讲,尤其是他对麦康奈尔的指控,遭到了多位资深共和党参议员的谴责。麦凯恩称,该演讲“超出了参议院的行为规范”,是“非常错误的”。[136] 奥林·哈奇表达了类似的观点:[137]“除非他们能拿出确凿的证据证明对方撒谎,否则我不赞成用这种语言攻击其他参议员……而且我知道这位领袖没有撒谎。” 克鲁兹声称,麦康奈尔安排就进出口银行进行投票,是为了说服像玛丽亚·坎特韦尔这样的民主党人停止阻挠贸易法案;麦康奈尔否认存在任何“交易”,克鲁兹称这种否认是“谎言”。哈奇表示,麦康奈尔确实承诺帮助坎特韦尔就进出口银行进行投票。[138]

克鲁兹在参议院为数不多的亲密盟友之一是来自犹他州的迈克·李[139][140] 克鲁兹曾以自己盟友寥寥无几而感到自豪,他在2015年6月表示,他因为与“华盛顿卡特尔”作斗争而遭到诋毁。[141]

2015年9月,博纳辞去众议员职务时,克鲁兹表示担忧,认为博纳在辞职前可能“与南希·佩洛西达成协议,为奥巴马政府剩余任期提供资金”。[142]次月,众议院以266票赞成、187票反对通过了预算协议,民主党人和博纳一致支持该协议,将债务上限提高至2017年3月。克鲁兹称该协议是“彻底的投降”。[143]

克鲁兹是参议院共和党人中支持“核选项”的一位,该选项旨在“加快对特朗普总统提名人的审议”。将参议院的规则改为简单多数投票制将“确保加快对特朗普最高法院大法官人选的审议”。[144]

最高法院

2020年9月,特朗普将克鲁兹与参议员汤姆·科顿乔什·霍利一起列入最高法院大法官候选人名单。克鲁兹拒绝了这一任命。[145]

2020年总统选举

克鲁兹支持美国众议员迈克·凯利向美国最高法院提起上诉,试图推翻或宣布宾夕法尼亚州2020年总统选举结果无效。凯利的上诉理由是,宾夕法尼亚州宪法规定,除少数特定情况外,必须进行现场投票;宾夕法尼亚州最高法院此前已驳回了这一论点。[146][147][148]美国最高法院拒绝受理此案或发布禁令,宾夕法尼亚州的选举人票最终投给了乔·拜登[149]之后,克鲁兹领导一群共和党参议员试图拒绝计票,并援引毫无根据的舞弊指控。他抨击批评他挑战选举结果的人使用“愤怒的语言”,[150]暗示他们在局势动荡之际加剧了紧张局势。[151]

选举人团投票统计和冲击美国国会大厦

为了推翻特朗普在2020年总统大选中的败选结果,德克萨斯州总检察长肯·帕克斯顿向美国最高法院提起诉讼,要求宣布四个州的选举结果无效。克鲁兹此前曾在最高法院辩护过九起案件,他同意了特朗普的请求,如果帕克斯顿的诉讼最终提交最高法院,他将代表该案出庭辩护,尽管该案最终并未提交最高法院。克鲁兹还争取到了其他十位参议员的支持,支持他相识数十年的老朋友、特朗普的律师约翰·伊斯特曼提出的方案:将1月6日的选举人票认证推迟十天,以便让拜登赢得的六个关键州的共和党控制的州议会能够根据所谓的广泛选举舞弊的虚假指控,考虑提交支持特朗普的选举人名单。克鲁兹表示,他正在“带头”阻止拜登获得总统认证。[152][153]

2021年1月6日,在国会是否应接受亚利桑那州选举人票的辩论中,克鲁兹表示,39%的美国人认为2020年总统选举存在舞弊,但他同时表示“我并非主张推翻此次选举结果”。[154]一些观察人士认为,克鲁兹明知有关选举舞弊的说法并不准确,此次讲话以及他之前的言论都是为了获取政治利益而试图误导公众。 [154]39%的美国人表示他们“强烈”或“有些同意”“我担心选举存在舞弊”;益普索的一位发言人指出,只有28%的人认为选举结果是“非法投票或选举舞弊的结果”。[155][156]

国会统计选举人团选票时,一群暴徒在白宫附近集会后冲进美国国会大厦,打断了计票工作。袭击造成五人死亡,其中包括一名警察。 [157]

当晚国会复会继续计票时,克鲁兹投票反对亚利桑那州和宾夕法尼亚州的选举人票。[158]参议院分别以93票赞成、6票反对和92票赞成、7票反对驳回了这些反对意见。[159]德克萨斯州民主党呼吁克鲁兹辞职,称他阻止拜登合法胜选的行为助长了特朗普支持者冲击国会大厦的气焰。[160]德克萨斯州民主党还呼吁美国司法部对克鲁兹煽动叛乱和叛国罪展开正式调查。[161][162][163]休斯顿纪事报呼吁克鲁兹辞职。[164]圣安东尼奥快报》呼吁将克鲁兹逐出参议院。[165]数千名律师和法学院学生呼吁吊销克鲁兹的律师执照,理由是他煽动了叛乱。[166]当选总统拜登和共和党参议员帕特·图米都表示,克鲁兹是特朗普关于选民舞弊指控的“弥天大谎”的同谋。[167]共和党活动家查德·斯威特是克鲁兹2016年总统竞选的主席,他谴责克鲁兹“攻击我们的民主”[168]。多家公司停止向克鲁兹和其他投票支持推翻选举结果的共和党人捐款,这些共和党人是基于特朗普的虚假指控。[169][170][171]克鲁兹的通讯主任劳伦·布莱尔·比安奇辞职。[172]

2021年5月28日,克鲁兹投票反对成立独立委员会调查骚乱事件。[173]在袭击事件周年纪念日前夕,一段视频记录了他称其为“暴力恐怖袭击”的言论,当晚福克斯新闻主持人塔克·卡尔森在其节目中对此进行了严厉批评。第二天晚上,克鲁兹出现在卡尔森的节目中,就此言论道歉,称其“坦率地说很愚蠢”且“草率”。第二天,CNN报道称,克鲁兹在前一年至少17次将此次袭击事件定性为恐怖主义。[174][175][176]尽管克鲁兹试图淡化此事,但他的言论仍然受到了亲特朗普的共和党人——尤其是马特·盖茨玛乔丽·泰勒·格林 [177]——的广泛谴责。

争议

2021年2月,一场历史性的冬季风暴袭击了德克萨斯州,导致多达430万居民断电,数百万人面临饮用水短缺,其中包括克鲁兹一家。风暴肆虐期间,有人发现克鲁兹一家乘坐飞机前往墨西哥坎昆,他们计划入住豪华的丽思卡尔顿酒店,逃离家中。海蒂·克鲁兹在短信中称家中“冷得要命”。[178][179][180]克鲁兹请求休斯顿警方护送他和家人通过机场。[181]

克鲁兹将家里的贵宾犬“雪花”独自留在没有暖气的房子里;记者透过前门的窗户看到了这只狗,房子又黑又空。[182]后来,一名自称保安的人告诉记者,他正在照顾这只狗。

克鲁兹的政治盟友和对手都谴责他在危机期间离开德克萨斯州,并在新冠疫情期间进行国际旅行。[183]克鲁兹最初表示,应女儿们的要求,他带她们休假一周,想做一个“好爸爸”。[184]当天晚些时候,在允许家人留在墨西哥后,他返回了德克萨斯州,并称这次度假是个错误。[185]他返回时,要求他辞职的抗议者在他家门前迎接了他。[186]从坎昆返回后,克鲁兹在休斯顿做志愿者,帮助进行灾后重建工作。[187]

2025年7月德克萨斯州中部洪灾爆发时,克鲁兹正在希腊度假。他的办公室称,洪灾发生后,他“以最快的速度”返回了德克萨斯州。[188][189]但就在德克萨斯州中部瓜达卢佩河发生山洪,造成100多人死亡(其中包括数十名儿童和营地辅导员)[190]的第二天,他却去了雅典帕特农神庙。在《大而美法案》中加入条款,取消了1.5亿美元的资金,用于“加速推进和改进天气预报方面的研究、观测系统、建模、预报以及向公众传播信息” ,此举引发了环保组织的批评。[190]

2016年总统竞选

克鲁兹在2014年保守派政治行动大会(CPAC)上发表讲话,该大会在马里兰州国家港举行。

早在2013年,克鲁兹就被广泛认为将参加2016年的总统竞选。[191][192][193] 2013年3月14日,他在华盛顿特区举行的年度保守政治行动会议上发表了主旨演讲。[194]  3月16日,他在2013年CPAC的非正式民意调查中并列第七,获得4%的选票。[195] 2013年10月,克鲁兹在价值观选民峰会的总统非正式民意调查中以42%的得票率获胜。[196] 2014年,克鲁兹在两次总统非正式民意调查中均位列第一,分别在共和党领导会议上获得30.33%的选票 ,以及在德克萨斯州共和党州代表大会上获得43%的选票。[197]

2013年年中,克鲁兹在爱荷华州、新罕布什尔州和南卡罗来纳州(均为早期初选州)举行了多场演讲活动,这进一步引发了人们对他为2016年竞选总统做准备的猜测。[198]法律分析家杰弗里·图宾称克鲁兹是首位将原旨主义作为一项重大国家议题的潜在总统候选人。[42]

2014年4月12日,克鲁兹在由“美国繁荣联盟”(Americans for Prosperity)[199]和“公民联合会”(Citizens United)联合举办的“自由峰会”(Freedom Summit)上发表了讲话。多位潜在的总统候选人出席了此次峰会。[200]克鲁兹在演讲中提到,拉丁裔、年轻人和单身母亲是受经济衰退影响最大的群体,共和党应该努力争取这些选民的支持。他还表示,“增长与机遇”这几个字应该纹在每位共和党政治家的手上。[201]

2015 年 1 月,克鲁兹发表了众多对国情咨文的回应之一。[202]

2015年3月23日,克鲁兹在弗吉尼亚州林奇堡的自由大学发表晨间演讲,正式启动了他2016年总统竞选活动,参加共和党初选和党团会议。[203]同时,他还在推特上发文:“我正在竞选总统,希望赢得你们的支持!” [204]他是2016年总统竞选中首位重要的共和党候选人。[205][206]在初选期间,他的支持者主要集中在社会保守派,但也对党内其他派别,特别是自由意志主义保守派,具有一定的吸引力。[207]

哈珀柯林斯出版社于2015年6月30日出版了克鲁兹的著作《真理时刻:重燃美国的承诺》。[208]该书在发行首周便登上多个机构的畅销书排行榜。[209]

初选

2015年4月17日,泰德·克鲁兹在新罕布什尔州纳舒厄发表讲话

在2016年共和党总统初选中,克鲁兹获得了超过780万张选票,赢得了12个州,并获得了559名代表。[210][211]他筹集了近9200万美元,创下了共和党初选候选人的筹款纪录,其中大部分来自小额网络捐款。克鲁兹的竞选团队拥有超过32.5万名志愿者。[212]

2016年2月1日,克鲁兹赢得了爱荷华州党团会议[213]这次胜利使他成为首位赢得总统初选或党团会议的拉丁裔候选人。[214][215]他获得了28%的选票。[216] 2月10日,克鲁兹在新罕布什尔州初选中排名第三,获得了约12%的选票。[217] 2月21日,他在南卡罗来纳州共和党初选中排名第三,获得了约22.3%的选票。[218]

2016年3月1日,超级星期二,克鲁兹在德克萨斯州以17%的优势获胜,同时还赢得了阿拉斯加州和俄克拉荷马州,使他总共赢得了四个州的初选。[219]在德克萨斯州初选中,他在该州254个县中,除6个县外,其余所有县都获得了最多的选票。[220] 3月5日,克鲁兹赢得了堪萨斯州和缅因州的党团会议,使他总共赢得了六个州的初选。[221][222][223]

克鲁兹在堪萨斯州赢得了迄今为止最大的胜利,以25个百分点的优势击败了领跑者唐纳德·特朗普。[224]凭借在德克萨斯州、堪萨斯州和缅因州战胜特朗普,他确立了自己作为最有希望击败特朗普(当时领先的提名竞争者)的候选人的地位。[225][226]

2016年3月8日,克鲁兹在爱达荷州初选中以45%的得票率获胜,领先特朗普17个百分点,赢得了他第七次全州范围的胜利。[227]他在密歇根州、密西西比州和夏威夷州均位列第二。[228] 3月12日,克鲁兹在怀俄明州县级代表大会上以67%的得票率和9名代表获胜,赢得了他第八次全州范围的胜利。[229] 3月22日,克鲁兹在犹他州党团会议上以69.2%的得票率获胜,约翰·卡西奇得票率为16.8%,特朗普得票率为14%。[230]由于他的得票率超过了50%的赢者通吃门槛,他赢得了犹他州全部40名代表。这是他第九次赢得犹他州党团会议的胜利。4月3日,北达科他州选举产生了一批以支持克鲁兹的代表为主的代表。克鲁兹获得了大多数代表的支持。[231]

2016年4月6日,克鲁兹在威斯康星州初选中以48.2%的得票率击败特朗普的35.1%,赢得该州初选。这是克鲁兹第十次赢得全州初选。他在威斯康星州42张代表票中赢得了36张,特朗普获得剩余的6张。4月2日和7日至9日,克鲁兹横扫科罗拉多州国会选区和州代表大会,拿下全部34张代表票。[232][233][234]这使克鲁兹赢得了他的第十一个州级初选。[235]4月16日,克鲁兹在怀俄明州代表大会上赢得了该州全部14张不分区代表票,确保了他在州代表大会上的多数席位,这是克鲁兹赢得的第十二个州级初选。 4月27日,他表示,如果他被选为共和党候选人,他将选择惠普公司前首席执行官、2016年共和党总统候选人卡莉·菲奥莉娜作为他的副总统竞选搭档。 [236]5月3日,在印第安纳州初选中惨败给特朗普后不久,克鲁兹宣布暂停竞选活动。[237]

国籍

克鲁兹曾表示,他小时候,母亲告诉他,她必须正式为他申请加拿大国籍,因此他和家人一直以为他不是加拿大公民。[238] 2013年8月,《达拉斯晨报》指出他拥有加拿大和美国双重国籍后,[239][240]他申请正式放弃加拿大国籍,并于2014年5月14日不再是加拿大公民。[241][242]

当时有多起诉讼和选票质疑克鲁兹不具备美国总统候选人资格。因为他出生于加拿大,而他的母亲在他出生时是美国公民。”[243][244][245][246]2016年2月,克鲁兹胜诉,符合美国国总统候选人资格。因为他出生于加拿大,而他的母亲在他出生时是美国公民。[247]

候选资格之后

竞选结束后不久,克鲁兹表示,如果他在内布拉斯加州初选中获胜,他将重新开始竞选。[248] 后来,特朗普赢得了内布拉斯加州初选。[249]

克鲁兹在2016年共和党全国代表大会上的讲话,2016年7月20日

在接下来的几个月里,多家媒体指出克鲁兹仍未公开支持特朗普。[250][251]克鲁兹在6月份解释说,他正在“观察和评估”,以决定是否在即将到来的大选中支持特朗普。 [252]7月7日,在与特朗普会面后,他确认将在2016年共和党全国代表大会上发表演讲。[253]

在7月20日,也就是共和党全国代表大会的第三天,克鲁兹发表讲话,祝贺特朗普当选,但并未公开支持他。他反而告诉听众“凭良心投票,投票给所有你信任的、能够捍卫我们自由、忠于宪法的候选人”。他的讲话遭到了现场观众的嘘声和负面评价。[254]第二天,在德克萨斯州共和党代表团的早餐会上,克鲁兹为自己不支持特朗普的决定辩护道:“我没有支持攻击我妻子和我父亲的人的习惯。我的承诺并非一概而论,即使你诽谤和攻击海蒂,我也不会像条卑躬屈膝的小狗一样跑来说:‘非常感谢你诋毁我的妻子和我的父亲。’”[255][256]  2016年9月23日,他公开支持特朗普竞选总统。[257]

10月10日,在特朗普2005年的录音被曝光,几位共和党人撤回了对他的支持后,克鲁兹重申了[258]对特朗普的支持,称民主党候选人希拉里·克林顿“显然不适合担任总统”。 11月15日,他在纽约特朗普大厦会见了当选总统特朗普。此前有报道称,特朗普曾考虑任命克鲁兹为美国司法部长,但最终该职位由阿拉巴马州参议员杰夫·塞申斯获得。[259] 11月28日,鉴于特朗普在竞选承诺方面态度有所软化,克鲁兹警告说,如果他背离这些承诺,可能会招致合理的强烈反对。[260]

克鲁兹得到了亿万富翁默瑟家族的支持。[261]

政治立场

克鲁兹被认为是坚定的保守派、极右翼、宗教保守派和反建制派。[262][263][264]

人工智能

2025年6月,克鲁兹代表科技行业提出一项对《大而美法案》的修正案,该修正案要求暂停各州或联邦政府对人工智能进行监管的尝试长达十年。该修正案以99票赞成、1票反对被否决。 [265]

共产主义

克鲁兹曾批评古巴关系缓和,他在 2014 年 12 月接受福克斯新闻采访时表示,这种和解是“奥巴马-克林顿-克里外交政策失败的体现”,并将“被铭记为一个悲剧性的错误”。[266]

2018年7月,克鲁兹在亚洲宗教自由集会上发表讲话。他说:“很高兴来到这里,声援全球所有遭受共产主义迫害的男男女女……我们必须团结一致,发出光芒,颂扬英雄主义,彰显勇气,为像我的家人一样,像全球数百万亲身经历过共产主义铁蹄的人们发声。” [267]

犯罪、枪支和毒品政策

克鲁兹呼吁结束“过度刑事化、严苛的强制性最低刑期以及陪审团审判的消亡”。他支持死刑。克鲁兹是拥枪权支持者,反对扩大枪支管制法规[268][269]

在接受电台主持人休·休伊特的采访时,克鲁兹谈到了科罗拉多斯普林斯一家计划生育诊所发生的袭击事件,该事件造成三人死亡。克鲁兹说,“一个简单而无可否认的事实是,绝大多数暴力罪犯都是民主党人”,并声称民主党人“对犯罪软弱”,因为“被定罪的重罪犯往往会投票给民主党”。[270]

2015年8月,在一名德克萨斯州警察在加油站加油时遭伏击枪杀后,克鲁兹表示,警察“正感受到来自总统的攻击,从上到下,正如我们所看到的——无论是在弗格森还是巴尔的摩,高级官员、总统或司法部长的回应都是妖魔化执法部门。这是错误的。这是根本性的错误。这正在危及我们所有人的安全。” [271]

克鲁兹会见了枪支管制倡导者艾丽莎·米兰诺和弗雷德·古滕贝格,讨论美国的枪支暴力问题。古滕贝格说,这是“非常重要的一天”。[272]

2022年5月,罗布小学枪击案发生后,克鲁兹将大规模枪击事件归咎于教堂出席率下降、暴力电子游戏、处方药、网络欺凌、社会孤立和其他社会因素。[273]他投票反对《两党安全社区法案》,这是一项在罗布小学枪击案后提出的枪支改革法案。该法案加强了对21岁以下枪支购买者的背景调查,为学校心理健康服务提供资金,并部分堵住了枪展漏洞和男友漏洞。[274][275]

克鲁兹反对大麻合法化,但他认为这应该由各州自行决定。[276]科罗拉多州大麻合法化后,他说:“如果科罗拉多州的公民决定走这条路,那是他们的权利。我个人不赞同,但那是他们的权利。”

经济

卡托研究所贸易政策研究中心将克鲁兹描述为“自由贸易主义者”  ,[277] 《华尔街日报》则称他为“自由贸易倡导者” 。[278]2013年,他提议废除美国国税局,并实施单一税率,“让普通美国人只需在一张明信片上填写完税表”  。[279]克鲁兹“坚决反对提高最低工资”

克鲁兹希望大幅缩减政府规模。除了上文提到的取消国税局之外,他还承诺取消其他四个内阁级机构:能源部、教育部、商务部和住房与城市发展部[280]

能源与环境

克鲁兹拒绝接受气候变化方面的科学共识。[281][282] 2015年3月,他称有些人是“全球变暖危言耸听者”,并援引卫星温度测量数据,反驳美国宇航局的分析,声称18年来没有出现显著的变暖。[283][284][285]

2017年,克鲁兹是签署致特朗普的一封信的22位参议员之一敦促他退出《巴黎协定》。据OpenSecrets网站报道,自2012年以来,克鲁兹已从石油、天然气和煤炭利益集团获得超过250万美元的竞选捐款。[286] 他在美国环保选民联盟(League of Conservation Voters)的国家环境评分卡上的终身得分仅为3% 。[287]

外交

以色列

2018 年 5 月,克鲁兹出席了美国驻以色列大使馆在耶路撒冷的开幕仪式

克鲁兹在2025年表示,他于2012年首次竞选参议员,“其明确目标是成为美国参议院中以色列的主要捍卫者”。[288][289]他曾说过“仇恨以色列的人也仇恨美国”,并援引《创世记》12:3说:“圣经命令我们支持以色列”。 2014年,他告诉美国犹太复国主义组织,“支持以色列是我的深切热情”。[290]

2023年12月,克鲁兹与英国外交大臣戴维·卡梅伦合影

2017年1月5日,克鲁兹投票赞成众议院一项谴责联合国安理会第2334号决议的决议,该决议谴责以色列在被占领的巴勒斯坦领土上修建定居点违反国际法。[291]

伊朗

克鲁兹一直坚决反对《联合全面行动计划》,称其为“灾难性的”和“灾难性的”。

2025年6月,在两伊战争期间,克鲁兹告诉福克斯新闻:“我认为政权更迭对美国来说至关重要”,并且“阿亚图拉是无可救药的”。[292]在接受塔克·卡尔森采访时,他声称伊朗曾试图暗杀唐纳德·特朗普,[293]并援引圣经中“祝福以色列的人必蒙福”的经文,以此为由支持以色列对伊朗的攻击。[294][295][296]当卡尔森追问时,克鲁兹却无法引用这段经文或指出其出处。卡尔森批评克鲁兹不了解伊朗的人口,并对他说:“你对你想要推翻的那个国家的政府一无所知。”[297] 克鲁兹最初告诉卡尔森:“我们今天正在进行军事打击”,随后似乎又纠正自己说:“以色列领导了这些行动,但我们支持他们。” 他指责卡尔森对以色列有“奇怪的……执念”,卡尔森则认为这是反犹主义的指控。[298]

中国

克鲁兹一直以来都对中国持批评态度。2017年1月初,克鲁兹与德克萨斯州州长格雷格·阿博特等人会见了台湾地区领导人蔡英文。此前有报道称,中华人民共和国发表声明,要求国会议员不要与蔡英文会面,克鲁兹对此表示批评。 [299][300]

2018年8月,克鲁兹和其他16名议员敦促特朗普政府根据《全球马格尼茨基人权问责法》对中国新疆地区侵犯维吾尔族穆斯林少数民族人权的官员实施制裁。[301]他们写道:“多达一百万或更多维吾尔族和其他以穆斯林为主的少数民族被关押在‘政治再教育’中心或营地,需要采取强硬、有针对性的全球性应对措施。” [302]

美国电子游戏公司动视暴雪因一名香港职业玩家支持香港民主抗议活动而对其进行处罚。克鲁兹指责暴雪和苹果公司进行审查。[303]他联名致信动视暴雪首席执行官鲍比·科蒂克,信中写道:“随着中国加大恐吓力度,你和你的公司必须决定是超越利润底线,捍卫美国价值观——例如言论和思想自由——还是屈服于北京的要求以保住市场准入。” [304]

2020年7月13日,中国政府以“干涉中国内政”为由,对克鲁兹和其他三名美国政客实施制裁,理由是他们谴责新疆的人权侵犯行为。[305] 2020年8月10日,中国政府以“在涉港问题上行为不当”为由,对克鲁兹和其他10名美国人实施制裁。[306]

2022年,克鲁兹强烈批评中国政府拘留休斯顿居民马克·斯维丹,斯维丹已被关押超过十年。联合国和美国政府认为斯维丹被错误拘留。他于2024年获释。[307]

埃里克·斯瓦尔韦尔在担任加州都柏林市议员期间,就被一名被认为是中国国家安全部秘密特工的中国女子盯上。斯瓦尔韦尔与这名疑似中国特工克里斯汀·方的关系一直被认为存在问题,尤其考虑到他作为众议院情报委员会成员的高调身份。[308]克鲁兹在推特上写道:“我不止一次说过‘去他妈的中国共产党’。我当时怎么也没想到斯瓦尔韦尔竟然听得这么清楚。” [309]

卫生保健

2020 年 3 月,克鲁兹就COVID-19 疫情应对准备情况质询美国海关和边境保护局领导人。

克鲁兹曾公开批评奥巴马总统于2010年通过的《患者保护与平价医疗法案》。在特朗普总统任期的第一年,克鲁兹发起立法,旨在废除2010年的《医疗保健与教育协调法案》,并且是13名参议员组成的小组的成员之一,该小组起草了2017年《患者保护与平价医疗法案》的替代方案,但最终未能通过。[310][311][312]

移民

2014年边境危机期间,克鲁兹在移民问题上采取了“强硬立场” ,香港人民自由与选择法案并反对全面的移民改革。[313]他主张将每年使用H-1B签证进入美国的外国技术工人数量从6.5万人增加到32.5万人。[314]据麦克拉奇报业集团报道,克鲁兹在2016年总统竞选期间就确立了“极右翼的移民立场”。[315]

克鲁兹反对为幼年时被带到美国的无证移民(“追梦人”)提供入籍途径。 [316]2018年2月,他是唯一一位反对共和党提出的启动关于解决“追梦人”安置问题的立法辩论动议的参议员。[317]他呼吁废除赋予在美国出生的人公民权的第十四修正案条款。 [318]他为特朗普政府将移民儿童与其父母分离的政策辩护,指责移民父母越过美国边境寻求庇护,并声称奥巴马政府也实行过类似的政策。[319][320]

2020年12月,克鲁兹以中国间谍活动的威胁为由,阻止了《香港人民自由与选择法案》的通过。该法案旨在赋予香港人难民身份。他表示,这项法律是民主党人“推进其长期以来修改移民法目标”的尝试。[321]

在2021年5月参议院规则委员会的听证会上,克鲁兹错误地声称众议院民主党人“设计”《为了人民法案》的目的是“指示”人们“违法,让数百万不具备投票资格的人登记投票,因为他们不是美国公民”,并且“自动为所有与政府接触的人登记投票”,无论其移民身份如何。该法案反复声明,只有美国公民才被允许登记投票。[322]

2024年9月,克鲁兹在推特上发布了一张两只猫拥抱的图片,并配文重申了唐纳德·特朗普的虚假言论,即海地移民会偷窃并吃掉美国公民的宠物。[323][324]一些推特用户谴责克鲁兹散布种族主义谣言,其中一些人还援引他在坎昆的争议,质疑他对美国人宠物安全的关心是否真诚。[325][326]

军队

克鲁兹批评美军的征兵工作使其“丧失了斗志”,并将其与俄罗斯军队的征兵工作进行了不利的比较。[327][328]他指责民主党政客试图将“地球上最强大的军队”变成“娘娘腔”。他声称美军已经衰弱,“投射力量和获取制空权的能力极其薄弱”。[329]克鲁兹将问题归咎于“臃肿的官僚机构和社会实验”,并提议在增加军费开支的同时缩减现役军人的规模。[330]

社会问题

克鲁兹强烈反对堕胎,但“如果怀孕危及母亲生命,则允许进行堕胎手术”。[331][332]他赞成削减联邦政府对计划生育协会的拨款。[333]克鲁兹反对同性婚姻民事结合[334]

2013年,克鲁兹表示,他希望婚姻的法律定义仅限于“一男一女之间的结合”  ,但同时他也认为同性婚姻的合法性应由各州自行决定。[335] 2015年,最高法院在奥贝格费尔案中裁定禁止同性婚姻违宪后,他称该裁决是“暴政的典型特征”  ,指责法院司法激进主义,并称这是“我们国家最黑暗的时刻之一”。[336]

个人生活

克鲁兹于2001年5月27日与海蒂·尼尔森结婚。[337] 两人相识于克鲁兹参与乔治·W·布什2000年总统竞选期间。2016年,海蒂从高盛投资管理部西南地区主管的职位上请假,以支持克鲁兹竞选总统。[338]她此前曾在白宫为康多莉扎·赖斯工作,也曾在纽约担任投资银行家。克鲁兹与妻子和两个孩子居住在休斯顿的河橡区。

克鲁兹曾开玩笑说:“我有古巴、爱尔兰和意大利血统,但不知怎么的,我最终却成了南方浸信会教徒。” 他喜欢穿牛仔靴,但在伦奎斯特大法官法庭辩论时,他并没有穿。[339]据OpenSecrets网站2018年的数据,克鲁兹的净资产超过310万美元。 2023年,他在《每日电讯报》的喜剧电影《女球手》中客串出演。[340]

參見

參考來源

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  265. ^ Kang, Cecilia. Defeat of a 10-Year Ban on State A.I. Laws Is a Blow to Tech Industry. The New York Times. 2025-07-01 [2025-07-01]. ISSN 0362-4331 (美国英语). 
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  268. ^ Campbell, Colin. How Republican presidential candidates want to reform the criminal justice system. Business Insider. April 28, 2015 [March 30, 2016]. 
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  270. ^ Cruz: 'Overwhelming majority of violent criminals are Democrats'. Politico. November 30, 2015 [December 1, 2015]. 
  271. ^ Matt Levin, Ted Cruz blames Obama for death of Harris County sheriff's deputy, Houston Chronicle (August 31, 2015).
  272. ^ LeBlanc, Paul. Parkland dad describes meeting with Alyssa Milano and Ted Cruz. CNN. September 11, 2019 [August 15, 2020]. 
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  274. ^ DeBonis, Mike. How the Senate defied 26 years of inaction to tackle gun violence. The Washington Post. June 25, 2022. 
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  277. ^ Free Trade, Free Markets: Rating the Congress. Cato Institute. [September 7, 2015]. 
  278. ^ Janet Hook, Ted Cruz Flips on Trade Bill on Eve of Key Senate Vote, The Wall Street Journal (June 23, 2015).
  279. ^ Weiner, Rachel. Ted Cruz: 'Abolish the IRS'. The Washington Post. June 3, 2013. 
  280. ^ Ehrenfreund, Max. Ted Cruz forgot to mention he wants to get rid of this really big part of the government. The Washington Post. November 10, 2015 [March 6, 2016]. ISSN 0190-8286 (美国英语). 
  281. ^ Josh Hicks, Climate-change skeptics Cruz and Rubio now help oversee nation's climate science, The Washington Post (January 21, 2015).
  282. ^ Sabrina Siddiqui, Ted Cruz embodies Republican climate change dilemma, The Guardian (March 27, 2015)
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  284. ^ Cruz, Ted. Scientific Evidence Doesn't Support Global Warming, Sen. Ted Cruz Says. Morning Edition. 與Steve Inskeep的访谈 (Washington, D.C.: NPR). December 11, 2015 [January 27, 2016]. The scientific evidence doesn't support global warming. For the last 18 years, the satellite data – we have satellites that monitor the atmosphere. The satellites that actually measure the temperature showed no significant warming whatsoever. 
  285. ^ Philip Bump, Ted Cruz compares climate change activists to 'flat-Earthers.' Where to begin?, The Washington Post (March 23, 2015)
  286. ^ The Republicans who urged Trump to pull out of Paris deal are big oil darlings. The Guardian. June 1, 2017 [June 1, 2017]. 
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  288. ^ Ted Cruz clashes with Tucker Carlson over Christian support for Israel. Premier Christian News. 2025-06-18 [2025-06-20] (英国英语). 
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  290. ^ Cortellessa, Eric. US House Passes Motion Repudiating UN Resolution on Israel. The Times of Israel. January 6, 2017 [January 17, 2017]. 
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  292. ^ Crowley, Michael. 'Regime Change'? Questions About Israel's Iran Goal Pressure Trump.. The New York Times. 2025-06-17 [2025-06-19]. ISSN 0362-4331 (美国英语). 
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  294. ^ Sommerlad, Joe. Tucker/Cruz interview's key moments: Antisemitism, Iran and the Bible. The Independent. 2025-06-19 [2025-06-19] (英语). 
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  299. ^ Cruz Meets with Taiwanese President, Blasts China. Fox News. January 8, 2017 [January 14, 2017]. 
  300. ^ Ted Cruz, Texas Governor Meet with Taiwan President. The Washington Post. Associated Press. January 8, 2017 [January 14, 2017]. (原始内容存档于December 27, 2018). 
  301. ^ Chairs Lead Bipartisan Letter Urging Administration to Sanction Chinese Officials Complicit in Xinjiang Abuses. Congressional-Executive Commission on China (CECC). August 29, 2018. 
  302. ^ China rejects US lawmakers' sanctions call over Muslim camps. Associated Press. August 30, 2018. 
  303. ^ Lecher, Colin. AOC and Ted Cruz call out Apple for dropping Hong Kong app in joint letter. The Verge. October 18, 2019. 
  304. ^ Axelrod, Tal. Lawmakers condemn Apple, Activision Blizzard over censorship of Hong Kong protester. The Hill. October 18, 2020. 
  305. ^ U.S. declares many of China's maritime claims 'unlawful' as Beijing imposes sanctions on U.S. senators. The Washington Post. 13 July 2020 [29 December 2024]. 
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  307. ^ Families push Biden for release of jailed Americans in China. Yahoo News. June 19, 2022 [2023-01-06] (美国英语). 
  308. ^ Sen. Cruz mocks Rep. Swalwell's entanglement with Chinese spy. Fox News. December 10, 2020. 
  309. ^ 'Little did I know': Ted Cruz slams Eric Swalwell in viral tweet about ties to alleged Chinese spy. Washington Examiner. December 11, 2020. 
  310. ^ Bash, Dana; Fox, Lauren; Barrett, Ted. GOP defends having no women in health care group. CNN. May 9, 2017 [June 14, 2017]. 
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  323. ^ Williams, Michael. Trump campaign and JD Vance promote false rumors about Haitian immigrants eating pets. CNN. September 9, 2024 [September 10, 2024]. 
  324. ^ Cameron, Chris. Trump Campaign Amplifies False Claim About Haitian Migrants in Ohio. The New York Times. September 9, 2024 [September 10, 2024]. A local official said there was "absolutely no evidence" that Haitian migrants have stolen and eaten pets, an outlandish claim amplified by the Trump campaign on Monday. 
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  333. ^ Everett, Burgess (February 12, 2016). Cruz attacks Rubio on Planned Parenthood. Politico. Retrieved: April 12, 2016.
  334. ^ Ted Cruz: Not a Fan of Pride Parades. Human Rights Campaign. 2016 [8 November 2021]. 
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外部連結

政党职务
前任者:
凱·貝利·哈奇森
美國參議員德克薩斯州共和黨被提名人
第1類

2012年2018年
最新的
美国参议院
前任者:
凱·貝利·哈奇森
德克薩斯州第1類參議員
2013年-
約翰·康寧同時在任
現任
美國排位名單
前任者:
蒂姆·凯恩
美國參議員資歷
第51位
繼任者:
伊莉莎白·華倫