Assam Legislative Assembly

Assam Legislative Assembly
15th Assam Assembly
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
Unicameral
of the Assam Legislature
Term limits
5 years
History
Founded7 April 1937 (1937-04-07)[1]
Leadership
Lakshman Acharya
Speaker of the house
Biswajit Daimary, BJP
since 21 May 2021
Deputy Speaker of the house
Numal Momin, BJP
since 21 May 2021
Chief Minister
(Leader of the House)
Leader of the Opposition
Debabrata Saikia, INC
since 20 May 2016
Deputy Leader of the Opposition
Vacant
since 11 June 2024
Structure
Seats126
Political groups
Government (80)
  NDA (80)

Official Opposition (23)

  ASOM (23)

Other Opposition (23)

Elections
First past the post
Last election
27 March to 6 April 2021
Next election
9 April 2026
Meeting place
Assam Legislative Assembly complex,
Dispur, Guwahati, Assam, India - 781006.
Website
www.assambidhansabha.org

The Assam Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Assam. It is housed in Dispur, the capital city of Assam, geographically situated in present Western Assam region. The Legislative Assembly comprises 126 Members of Legislative Assembly, directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years, unless sooner dissolved. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker, currently Biswajit Daimary.[4]

Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Assam through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in April–May 2021, and the next election is scheduled for 2026. The Assembly plays a key role in law-making for the state, handling crucial matters such as state budgets, development policies, and local governance. It has the authority to legislate on issues specified under the State and Concurrent Lists of the Constitution of India.

The Assembly functions through various committees that handle specific issues, including the budget, public accounts, and legislative procedures. The Chief Minister, who is the leader of the majority party in the Assembly, holds executive powers and is the head of the state government. The current Chief Minister is Himanta Biswa Sarma from the BJP, who has been in office since May 2021.

The 2021 election was the BJP securing a simple victory, while the INC emerged as the main opposition party, alongside its allies such as the AIUDF and BPF.

History

Assam Legislative Assembly

According to provisions of the Government of India Act 1935, a bicameral legislature of Assam province came into existence in 1937. After the Government of India Act 1935 was passed, it paved the way for the formation of Assam Legislative Assembly, and became a bicameral legislature. The strength of the House was 108, where all the members were elected. The Legislative Council (Upper House) was not less than 21 and not more than 22 members.

The first sitting of its lower house, the Assam Legislative Assembly, took place on 7 April 1937 in the Assembly Chamber at Shillong. Shillong was the capital of the composite State of Assam. It had a strength of 108 members. However, the strength of the Assembly was reduced to 71 after the partition of India.

After Indian independence, the Assam Legislative Council was abolished in 1952 and the Assam Legislative Assembly became unicameral. The reconstituted assembly had 108 members with 31 seats reserved for Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes.[5]

In the years that followed, Assam was truncated to several smaller states. And over the years, with the changing geographical boundaries and increase in population, the strength of members has changed from 108 in 1952–57 to 114 in 1967-72 (the third Assembly) and by 1972-78 (the fifth Assembly) it had a strength of 126 members.[6]

Office bearers

S.No Position Portrait Name Party Constituency Office Taken Reference
1 Speaker
Biswajit Daimary BJP Panery 21 May 2021 [7]
2 Deputy Speaker
Numal Momin Bokajan [8]
3 Leader of the House
(Chief Minister)
Himanta Biswa Sarma Jalukbari 10 May 2021 [9]
4 Leader of the Opposition
Debabrata Saikia INC Nazira 21 May 2021 [10]
5 Deputy Leader of the Opposition
Rakibul Hussain Samaguri 21 May 2021 – 11 June 2024 [10]
Vacant [11]

Members of the Legislative Assembly

Source:[12][13]
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
Sribhumi 1 Ratabari (SC) Bijoy Malakar BJP NDA
2 Patharkandi Krishnendu Paul
3 Karimganj North Kamalakhya Dey Purkayastha Defected from INC to BJP.
4 Karimganj South Siddique Ahmed INC ASOM
5 Badarpur Abdul Aziz AIUDF None
Hailakandi 6 Hailakandi Zakir Hussain Laskar
7 Katlicherra Suzam Uddin Laskar
8 Algapur Nizam Uddin Choudhury
Cachar 9 Silchar Dipayan Chakraborty BJP NDA
10 Sonai Karimuddin Barbhuiya AGP NDA
11 Dholai (SC) Parimal Suklabaidya BJP NDA Resigned After Elected As MP
Nihar Ranjan Das Elected in bypoll
12 Udharbond Mihir Kanti Shome
13 Lakhipur Kaushik Rai
14 Barkhola Misbahul Islam Laskar INC ASOM
15 Katigorah Khalil Uddin Mazumder
Dima Hasao 16 Haflong (ST) Nandita Garlosa BJP NDA
Karbi Anglong 17 Bokajan (ST) Numal Momin Deputy Speaker
18 Howraghat (ST) Darsing Ronghang
19 Diphu (ST) Bidya Sing Engleng
West Karbi Anglong 20 Baithalangso (ST) Rupsing Teron
South Salmara-Mankachar 21 Mankachar Aminul Islam AIUDF None
22 Salmara South Wazed Ali Choudhury INC ASOM
Dhubri 23 Dhubri Najrul Hoque AIUDF None
24 Gauripur Nijanur Rahman
25 Golakganj Abdus Sobahun Ali Sarkar INC ASOM
26 Bilasipara West Hafiz Bashir Ahmed AIUDF None
27 Bilasipara East Samsul Huda
Kokrajhar 28 Gossaigaon Majendra Narzary UPPL Died on 26 May 2021
Jiron Basumatary Won in 2021 bypoll
29 Kokrajhar West (ST) Rabiram Narzary BPF NDA
30 Kokrajhar East (ST) Lawrence Islary UPPL None
Chirang 31 Sidli (ST) Jayanta Basumatary Resigned after getting elected as MP
Nirmal Kumar Brahma Elected in bypoll
Bongaigaon 32 Bongaigaon Phani Bhusan Choudhury AGP NDA Resigned after getting elected as MP
Diptimayee Choudhury Elected in Bypoll
Chirang 33 Bijni Ajoy Kumar Ray BJP
Bongaigaon 34 Abhayapuri North Abdul Batin Khandakar INC ASOM
35 Abhayapuri South (SC) Pradip Sarkar
Goalpara 36 Dudhnai (ST) Jadab Sawargiary
37 Goalpara East Abdul Kalam Rasheed Alam
38 Goalpara West Abdur Rasheed Mandal RD ASOM
39 Jaleswar Aftab Uddin Mollah INC
Barpeta 40 Sorbhog Manoranjan Talukdar CPI(M)
Bajali 41 Bhabanipur Phanidhar Talukdar BJP NDA Elected in 2021 as AIUDF candidate, later resigned and defected to BJP and won the subsequent bypoll
42 Patacharkuchi Ranjeet Kumar Dass
Barpeta 43 Barpeta Abdur Rahim Ahmed INC ASOM
44 Jania Rafiqul Islam AIUDF None
45 Baghbor Sherman Ali Ahmed AITC Suspended from INC Then Joined Raijor Dal Again Joined Trinamool Congress [14]
46 Sarukhetri Jakir Hussain Sikdar INC ASOM
47 Chenga Ashraful Hussain AIUDF None
Kamrup 48 Boko (SC) Nandita Das INC ASOM
49 Chaygaon Rekibuddin Ahmed
50 Palasbari Hemanga Thakuria BJP NDA
Kamrup Metropolitan 51 Jalukbari Himanta Biswa Sarma Chief Minister
52 Dispur Atul Bora
53 Gauhati East Siddhartha Bhattacharya
54 Gauhati West Ramendra Narayan Kalita AGP
Kamrup 55 Hajo Suman Haripriya BJP
56 Kamalpur Diganta Kalita
57 Rangia Bhabesh Kalita
Baksa 58 Tamulpur Leho Ram Boro UPPL None Died on 29 May 2021
Jolen Daimary Won in 2021 bypoll
Nalbari 59 Nalbari Jayanta Malla Baruah BJP NDA
60 Barkhetry Diganta Barman INC ASOM
61 Dharmapur Chandra Mohan Patowary BJP NDA
Baksa 62 Barama (ST) Bhupen Baro UPPL None
63 Chapaguri (ST) Urkhao Gwra Brahma
Udalguri 64 Panery Biswajit Daimary BJP NDA Speaker
Darrang 65 Kalaigaon Durga Das Boro BPF
66 Sipajhar Paramananda Rajbongshi BJP
67 Mangaldoi (SC) Basanta Das Defected from INC to BJP.
68 Dalgaon Mazibur Rahman AIUDF None
Udalguri 69 Udalguri (ST) Gobinda Chandra Basumatary UPPL None
70 Majbat Charan Boro BPF NDA
Sonitpur 71 Dhekiajuli Ashok Singhal BJP
72 Barchalla Ganesh Kumar Limbu
73 Tezpur Prithiraj Rava AGP
74 Rangapara Krishna Kamal Tanti BJP
75 Sootea Padma Hazarika
Biswanath 76 Biswanath Promod Borthakur
77 Behali Ranjit Dutta Resigned as MP
Diganta Ghatowal Elected In Bypoll
Sonitpur 78 Gohpur Utpal Borah
Morigaon 79 Jagiroad (SC) Pijush Hazarika
80 Marigaon Rama Kanta Dewri
81 Laharighat Asif Mohammad Nazar INC ASOM
Nagaon 82 Raha (SC) Sashi Kanta Das BJP NDA Suspended from INC[15]
83 Dhing Aminul Islam AIUDF None
84 Batadroba Sibamoni Bora INC ASOM
85 Rupohihat Nurul Huda
86 Nowgong Rupak Sarmah BJP NDA
87 Barhampur Jitu Goswami
88 Samaguri Rakibul Hussain INC ASOM Resigned after getting elected as MP
Diplu Ranjan Sarmah BJP NDA Elected in Bypoll
89 Kaliabor Keshab Mahanta AGP
Hojai 90 Jamunamukh Sirajuddin Ajmal AIUDF None
91 Hojai Ramkrishna Ghosh BJP NDA
92 Lumding Sibu Misra
Golaghat 93 Bokakhat Atul Bora AGP
94 Sarupathar Biswajit Phukan BJP
95 Golaghat Ajanta Neog
96 Khumtai Mrinal Saikia
97 Dergaon (SC) Bhabendra Nath Bharali AGP
Jorhat 98 Jorhat Hitendra Nath Goswami BJP
Majuli 99 Majuli (ST) Sarbananda Sonowal Resigned on 28 September 2021
Bhuban Gam Won in 2022 bypoll
Jorhat 100 Titabar Bhaskar Jyoti Baruah INC ASOM
101 Mariani Rupjyoti Kurmi BJP NDA Elected in 2021 as INC candidate, later resigned and defected to BJP and won the subsequent bypoll
102 Teok Renupoma Rajkhowa AGP
Sibsagar 103 Amguri Prodip Hazarika [16]
104 Nazira Debabrata Saikia INC ASOM Leader of Opposition
Charaideo 105 Mahmara Jogen Mohan BJP NDA
106 Sonari Dharmeswar Konwar
Sibsagar 107 Thowra Sushanta Borgohain Elected in 2021 as INC candidate, later resigned and defected to BJP and won the subsequent bypoll
108 Sibsagar Akhil Gogoi RD None
Lakhimpur 109 Bihpuria Amiya Kumar Bhuyan BJP NDA
110 Naoboicha Bharat Narah Independent None
111 Lakhimpur Manab Deka BJP NDA
112 Dhakuakhana (ST) Naba Kumar Doley
Dhemaji 113 Dhemaji (ST) Ranoj Pegu
114 Jonai (ST) Bhubon Pegu
Dibrugarh 115 Moran Chakradhar Gogoi
116 Dibrugarh Prasanta Phukan
117 Lahowal Binod Hazarika
118 Duliajan Terash Gowalla
119 Tingkhong Bimal Bora
120 Naharkatia Taranga Gogoi
121 Chabua Ponakan Baruah AGP
Tinsukia 122 Tinsukia Sanjoy Kishan BJP
123 Digboi Suren Phukan
124 Margherita Bhaskar Sharma
125 Doomdooma Rupesh Gowala
126 Sadiya Bolin Chetia

Leaders of Opposition

Official Opposition is a term used to designate the political party which has secured the second largest number of seats in the assembly. In order to get formal recognition, the party must have at least 10% of total membership of the Legislative Assembly. A single party has to meet the 10% seat criterion, not an alliance. Many of the Indian state legislatures also follow this 10% rule while the rest of them prefer single largest opposition party according to the rules of their respective houses.

Leaders of Opposition

# Assembly Name Portrait Took office Left office Constituency Party Chief Minister
1 Gopinath Bordoloi Kamrup Sadar South Indian National Congress Sir Syed Muhammed Saadulah
2 Gaurishankar Bhattacharyya 1972 1978 Borbhag Peoples Democratic Party of Assam Sarat Chandra Sinha
? ? ? 1978 1979 ? Indian National Congress Golap Borbora
1979 1979 ? Indian National Congress Jogendra Nath Hazarika
1980 1981 ? Janata Party Anwara Taimur
1981 1983 ? Janata Party Kesab Chandra Gogoi
? ? ? 1983 1985 ? ? Hiteswar Saikia
3 Golok Rajbanshi 1985 1990 Rangapara Indian National Congress Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
4 Prafulla Kumar Mahanta 1991 1996 Barhampur Asom Gana Parishad Hiteswar Saikia
? ? 1996 2001 ? Indian National Congress Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
4 11th Assam Assembly Brindaban Goswami
B.Goswami in Left Side
 2001 2006 Tezpur Asom Gana Parishad Tarun Gogoi
12th Assam Assembly 2006 2006
5 Chandra Mohan Patowary 2006 2010 Dharmapur
(3) Prafulla Kumar Mahanta 2010 2011 Barhampur
13th Assam Assembly ? ? 2011 2016 ? ?
6 14th Assam Assembly Debabrata Saikia 6-June-2016[18] 5-Jan-2021[19] Nazira Indian National Congress Sarbananda Sonowal
15th Assam Assembly 21-May-2021[20] Incumbent Nazira Indian National Congress Himanta Biswa Sarma

Deputy Leader of Opposition

# Assembly Name Portrait Term starts Constituency Party Chief Minister
1 Renuka Devi Barkataki 1972-1978 Peoples Democratic Party of Assam Sarat Chandra Sinha
2 14th Assam Assembly Rakibul Hussain 2016-2021 Samaguri Indian National Congress Sarbananda Sonowal
15th Assam Assembly 2021-2024 Himanta Biswa Sarma
3 2024-incumbent

See also

References

  1. ^ "A Brief Historical Profile of Assam Legislative Assembly". assambidhansabha.org. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  2. ^ "Assam Congress MLA Sashi Kanta Das who extended support to BJP suspended". Hindustan Times. 1 January 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
  3. ^ "UPPL Snaps Ties With NDA Ahead of Assembly Polls". UPPL vice-president RN Sinha said, "We have exited NDA because their agenda is totally different from our party ideology. We want UPPL model of politics, we are a secular party. We want peace, development and integrity. This is our main agenda."
  4. ^ "BJP legislator Biswajit Daimary becomes new Assam assembly speaker". Times of India. 21 May 2021.
  5. ^ Rao, V. Venkata (1987). "Government and Politics in North East India". The Indian Journal of Political Science. 48 (4): 458–486. ISSN 0019-5510.
  6. ^ "Assam Legislative Assembly - History". assambidhansabha.org. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  7. ^ "BJP legislator Biswajit Daimary becomes new Assam assembly speaker". Times of India. 21 May 2021.
  8. ^ "MLA Dr. Numal Momin Elected as Deputy Speaker of 15th Assam Legislative Assembly". Sentinel Assam. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  9. ^ "Himanta Biswa Sarma sworn in as Chief Minister of Assam". Business Standard. 10 May 2021.
  10. ^ a b ANI. "Congress elects Debabrata Saikia as leader of opposition in Assam Assembly". Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  11. ^ "Assam: Congress' Rakibul Hussain, who won Lok Sabha polls with record margin, resigns as MLA". Economic Times. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
  12. ^ "Assam General Legislative Election 2021". Election Commission of India.
  13. ^ "Assembly Constituency wise vote polled by contesting candidates in FORM-21". Office of the Chief Electoral Officer, Assam.
  14. ^ "Arrested Assam Congress MLA Sherman Ali suspended from party". The Times of India. 4 October 2021. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  15. ^ "Assam Congress MLA Sashi Kanta Das who extended support to BJP suspended". Hindustan Times. 1 January 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
  16. ^ https://www.facebook.com/share/r/1XRVEhvXZd/
  17. ^ https://www.facebook.com/share/r/1XRVEhvXZd/
  18. ^ "Debabrata Saikia appointed Leader of Opposition in Assam Assembly". Financialexpress. 6 June 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  19. ^ "Congress MLA loses status of leader of opposition in Assam assembly". Hindustan Times. 5 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  20. ^ "Congress elects Debabrata Saikia as leader of opposition in Assam Assembly". ANI. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
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