Fidesz–KDNP
Fidesz–KDNP Party Alliance Fidesz–KDNP pártszövetség | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Co-Presidents | |
| Founded | 10 December 2005 |
| Ideology | Christian nationalism[1]
Illiberalism[2] Authoritarianism[3] National conservatism[4] Christian democracy[5] Right-wing populism[6] Euroscepticism[7] Orbanism[8] |
| Political position | Far-right[9] Historical: Right-wing[10] |
| European affiliation | Patriots.eu (since 2024)[nb 1] |
| European Parliament group | Patriots for Europe (since 2024)[nb 2] |
| International affiliation | Centrist Democrat International (since 2024)[nb 3] |
| Alliance parties | Fidesz KDNP |
| Colours | Orange |
| National Assembly | 135 / 199 |
| European Parliament | 11 / 21 |
| County Assemblies | 227 / 381 (60%) |
| General Assembly of Budapest | 10 / 33 (30%) |
The Fidesz–KDNP Party Alliance (Hungarian: Fidesz–KDNP pártszövetség), formerly also known as the Alliance of Hungarian Solidarity (Hungarian: Magyar Szolidaritás Szövetsége), is a Christian nationalist and far-right electoral alliance,[1][9] which is composed of the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz) and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP). The electoral alliance adheres to the beliefs and doctrines of the Catholic Church in Hungary,[11] which has a close relationship with the alliance and receives significant amounts of money from the Fidesz–KDNP government.[11]
The two parties jointly contested every national election since the 2006 Hungarian parliamentary election. The Fidesz–KDNP alliance governed Hungary from 2010 to 2026, altogether obtaining a supermajority in each of the 2010, 2014, 2018, and 2022 parliamentary elections, before losing in a landslide in 2026.[12] The alliance has been seen as authoritarian,[3] and has increasingly identified itself as illiberal.[2]
History
The two parties formed their permanent electoral coalition on 10 December 2005.[13] After the 2006 election, Fidesz and KDNP separately formed parliamentary groups, but they established a caucus alliance in the Hungarian parliament.[14] While Fidesz and KDNP are technically in coalition, many observers consider KDNP to actually be a satellite party of Fidesz,[15][16] since it has been unable to get into the National Assembly on its own since the 1994 Hungarian parliamentary election, when it barely passed the election threshold of 5% of votes. Without Fidesz, its support cannot be measured,[17][18][19] and even a leading Fidesz politician, János Lázár stated in 2011 that Fidesz does not consider the government to be a coalition government.[20]
On 3 March 2021, Fidesz left the European People's Party Group (EPP), while KDNP remained a member. In response to the admission of the Tisza Party to the EPP following the 2024 European Parliament election, the KDNP decided to leave the EPP and its parliamentary group on 18 June 2024.[21] Fidesz formed the Patriots for Europe group in the European Parliament, becoming the third largest European Parliament group.[22]
Electoral results
National Assembly
| Election | Leader | SMCs | MMCs | Seats | +/– | Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Place | Votes | % | Place | |||||
| 2006 | Viktor Orbán | 2,269,241 | 41.99 | #1 | 2,272,979 | 43.21 | #2 | 164 / 386
|
New | Opposition |
| 2010 | 2,732,965 | 53.43 | #1 | 2,706,292 | 52.73 | #1 | 262 / 386
|
 99
|
Supermajority | |
| Election | Leader | Constituency | Party list | Seats | +/– | Status | ||||
| Votes | % | Place | Votes | % | Place | |||||
| 2014 | Viktor Orbán | 2,165,342 | 44.11 | #1 | 2,264,780 | 44.87 | #1 | 133 / 199
|
 130
|
Supermajority |
| 2018 | 2,636,201 | 47.89 | #1 | 2,824,551 | 49.27 | #1 | 133 / 199
|
 0
|
Supermajority | |
| 2022 | 2,823,419 | 52.52 | #1 | 3,060,706 | 54.13 | #1 | 135 / 199
|
2
|
Supermajority | |
| 2026 | 2,215,225 | 36.72 | #2 | 2,458,337 | 38.61 | #2 | 52 / 199
|
83
|
Opposition | |
European Parliament
| Election | List leader | Votes | % | Place | Seats | +/− | EP Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | Pál Schmitt | 1,632,309 | 56.36 | #1 | 14 / 22
|
New | EPP |
| 2014 | Ildikó Pelczné Gáll | 1,193,991 | 51.48 | #1 | 12 / 21
|
2
| |
| 2019 | László Trócsányi | 1,824,220 | 52.56 | #1 | 13 / 21
|
1
| |
| 2024 | Tamás Deutsch | 2,048,211 | 44.82 | #1 | 11 / 21
|
2
|
PfE |
See also
Notes
- ^ The alliance was formerly part of the European People's Party (2009–2024).
- ^ The alliance was formerly part of the European People's Party Group (2009–2024).
- ^ The alliance was formerly part of the International Democracy Union (2000–2024).
References
- ^ a b
- John Chin, Mirren Hibbert. "Hungary and the future of Europe". The Loop | European Consortium for Political Research | European Union.
- Rafi Schwartz (8 April 2026). "Why Hungary's elections matter to the global right". The Week.
- Ethan Magistro (24 June 2021). "Christian Nationalists See Illiberal Hungary As A Model For America". Americans United for Separation of Church and State.
- Zachary Basu (6 April 2026). "MAGA's global model faces existential test in Hungary". Axios.
- Carl Rowlands (5 February 2013). "Hungary's rabid right is taking the country to a political abyss". The Guardian.
- Alexander Faludy (16 December 2025). "ABUSE IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH: IS THIS HUNGARY'S 'BOSTON' MOMENT?". Balkan Insight.
- ^ a b
- Péter KrekóZsolt Enyedi (July 2018). "Explaining Eastern Europe: Orbán's Laboratory of Illiberalism". Journal of Democracy.
- Steven Blockmans (28 May 2019). "The Battle for Europe's Soul". Council on Foreign Relations.
- Viktor Z. Kazai (1 March 2022). "Constitutional Complaint as Orbán's Tool". Verfassungsblog.
- Johan Norberg (6 April 2026). "Hungary Is a Laboratory for Illiberal Nationalism. The Results Are In". Cato Institute.
- Jon Henley (3 April 2026). "Hungary elections: what is at stake and who is likely to win?". The Guardian.
- Ethan Magistro (24 June 2021). "Christian Nationalists See Illiberal Hungary As A Model For America". Americans United for Separation of Church and State.
- ^ Anais de La Fonchais (5 June 2019). "European elections in Hungary: Orbán's strategy paid off". The New Federalist.
- ^ "Hungarian PM sees shift to illiberal Christian democracy in 2019 European vote". Reuters. 28 July 2018.
- ^ Jäger & Springler 2015, p. 110.
- ^ Agoston, Gergely (2023). "Playing on distance: a relational rhetorical analysis of Viktor Orbán's Euroscepticism". East European Politics. 40 (2): 256–276. doi:10.1080/21599165.2023.2261129. ISSN 2159-9165.
- ^ "Viktor Orbán's Hungary: Orbanist Politics and Philosophy from a Historical Perspective". Archived from the original on 1 November 2020.
- ^ a b
- Marianne Gros (30 June 2024). "Orbán's Fidesz forming new far-right alliance with Austrian, Czech parties". Politico Europe.
- Grégoire Sauvage (30 June 2024). "How Orban benefits from Hungary's tailor-made election system". France 24.
- Berberoglu, Berch (23 September 2020). "Introduction: Crisis of Neoliberal Globalization and the Rise of Authoritarianism in the Early 21st Century". In Berberoglu, Berch (ed.). The Global Rise of Authoritarianism in the 21st Century: Crisis of Neoliberal Globalization and the Nationalist Response (1st ed.). New York and London: Routledge. p. 10. doi:10.4324/9780367854379. ISBN 978-0-367-85437-9. p. 10:
He points out that since gaining a two-thirds majority in the 2010 general elections, the formerly conservative and now far-right Fidesz–KDNP government led by Viktor Orbán has carried out a root-and-branch transformation of Hungarian society.
- Jon Henley (3 April 2026). "Hungary elections: what is at stake and who is likely to win?". The Guardian.
- Michael Levitt, Rob Schmitz, Sarah Robbins (5 April 2026). "Will Hungary's far-right leader Viktor Orban be voted out of power?". National Public Radio.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- ^ Hoffmann, Tamás; Gárdos-Orosz, Fruzsina (8 March 2022). "Populism and Law in Hungary – Introduction to the Special Issue" (PDF). Introduction. Review of Central and East European Law. 47 (1). Brill–Nijhoff: 5. doi:10.1163/15730352-bja10058. ISSN 1573-0352. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
- ^ a b
- Nick Thorpe (23 June 2021). "Hungary's anti-gay law threatens programming of TV favourites". British Broadcasting Corporation.
- Jonathan Luxmoore (10 April 2026). "Hungarians prepare for crucial election". Church Times.
- Jo Harper (25 June 2021). "Hungary's real pedophilia problem has nothing to do with 'gay content'". Emerging Europe.
- Shaun Walker (14 July 2019). "Orbán deploys Christianity with a twist to tighten grip in Hungary". The Guardian.
- Bridget Ryder (1 March 2024). "The Catholic Church in Hungary is deeply politicized—and shrinking". America.
- ^ Griera, Max; Dettmer, Jamie (12 April 2026). "Orbán's 16-year rule over Hungary ends in crushing election defeat". Politico. Retrieved 14 April 2026.
- ^ "A Fidesz országos választmányi ülést, a KDNP országos nagygyűlést tart". mno.hu (in Hungarian). Retrieved 23 April 2018.
- ^ "Megalakult a Fidesz–KDNP-frakciószövetség". mno.hu (in Hungarian). Retrieved 23 April 2018.
- ^ Alexander Herholz (12 February 2012). "Sanctions on Hungary: What For and Why Now?".
- ^ Dr. Agnes Batory (2010). "Election Briefing no. 51: Europe and the Hungarian Parliamentary Elections of April 2010" (PDF).
- ^ hvg.hu (21 July 2010). "Nemigen mérhető a KDNP támogatottsága".
- ^ Szonda Ipsos polls (2 July 2009). "Javuló Fidesz és Jobbik, stagnáló MSZP". Archived from the original on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
- ^ "Interjú Harrach Péterrel az Origo.hu hírportálon (Interview with KDNP politician Péter Harrach)". 13 May 2011.
- ^ hvg.hu (18 July 2011). "Lázár a KDNP-nek: "ez nem egy koalíciós kormány" (Lázár: This is not a coalition government)".
- ^ "A Tisza Párt felvétele miatt a KDNP kilép az Európai Néppártból". 444.hu (in Hungarian). 18 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ "Patriots for Europe becomes EU parliament's 3rd-largest group, picks Jordan Bardella as president". Politico. 8 July 2024. Retrieved 14 April 2026.
Bibliography
- Jäger, Johannes; Springler, Elisabeth (10 April 2015). Asymmetric Crisis in Europe and Possible Futures: Critical Political Economy and Post-Keynesian Perspectives. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-65298-4 – via Google Books.
- Vida, István (2011). Magyarországi politikai pártok lexikona (1846–2010) [Encyclopedia of the Political Parties in Hungary (1846–2010)] (in Hungarian). Gondolat Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-693-276-3.