Outline of Thailand
The Flag of Thailand
The Emblem of Thailand depicting the Garuda
The following outline is an overview of and topical guide to Thailand:
Thailand is a sovereign nation in the center of Mainland Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Andaman Sea, between Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, surrounds the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia to the south. It was formerly called Siam until 1939. As of 2023, it is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Important former Thai kingdoms are Sukhothai, Ayutthaya and Rattanakosin. It had an absolute monarchy for centuries. The first constitution was established in 1932. The monarchy and military have periodically intervened in politics. Thailand experienced rapid economic growth between 1985 and 1996, becoming a newly industrialized country and a major exporter. Manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism are leading sectors of the economy. Thailand was a founding member of ASEAN in 1967,[1] and the country's HDI has been rated as "high" to "very high" (Central Thailand) in 2022.[2] The population of Thailand was 65.95 million in January 2025.[3] The official language is Thai. The Thai people form the majority among 70 ethnic groups. Thailand is the 50th largest country and 3rd largest country in Southeast Asia after Indonesia and Myanmar.[4] There are 6 regions of Thailand. The geography is diverse: Northern and Western Thailand are mountainous, Central Thailand is the heartland with the Chao Phraya River Basin, Northeastern Thailand has the arid Khorat Plateau, Eastern Thailand is coastal with a mountainous interior, while Southern Thailand is narrow with long coastlines.
General reference
- Pronunciation: /ˈtaɪlænd/ ⓘ
- Thai: [pratʰêːt tʰaj] ⓘ
- Common English country names: Thailand, archaic Siam
- Official English country name: The Kingdom of Thailand
- Common endonym(s): Prathet Thai, Thai (ประเทศไทย, ไทย)
- Official endonym(s): Ratcha-anachak Thai (ราชอาณาจักรไทย)
- Adjectival(s): Thai
- Demonym(s): Thai
- Etymology: Name of Thailand
- International rankings of Thailand
- ISO country codes: TH, THA, 764
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:TH
- Internet country code top-level domain: .th
Geography of Thailand
- Thailand is: a country
- Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
- Time zone: Indochina Time (UTC+07)
- Extreme points of Thailand
- North: Mae Sai district (20°28′N 99°57′E / 20.467°N 99.950°E)
- South: Betong district (5°37′N 101°8′E / 5.617°N 101.133°E)
- East: Khong Chiam district (15°38′N 105°38′E / 15.633°N 105.633°E)
- West: Mae Sariang district (18°34′N 97°21′E / 18.567°N 97.350°E)
- High: Doi Inthanon 2,565 m (8,415 ft)
- Low: Andaman Sea −3,000 m (−9,843 ft)
- Land boundaries: 4,863 km (3,022 mi)
Myanmar 1,800 km (1,100 mi)
Laos 1,754 km (1,090 mi)
Cambodia 803 km (499 mi)
Malaysia 506 km (314 mi)
- Coastline: 3,219 km (2,000 mi)
- Population of Thailand: 65,975,198 people[3] (8 Jan 2025 estimate) - 22th most populous country
- Area of Thailand: 513,115 km2 (198,115 sq mi) - 49th largest country
- Time in Thailand
- Atlas of Thailand
Environment of Thailand
- Climate of Thailand
- Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Thailand
- Environmental issues in Thailand
- Renewable energy in Thailand
- Protected areas of Thailand
- Biosphere reserves in Thailand
- Forest parks of Thailand
- Historical parks of Thailand
- National parks of Thailand
- Wildlife of Thailand
- Birds of Thailand
- Mammals of Thailand
Natural geographic features of Thailand
- Islands of Thailand
- Mountains in Thailand
- Thai highlands
- Volcanoes in Thailand
- Rivers of Thailand
- World Heritage Sites in Thailand
Regions of Thailand
- Northern Thailand
- Northeastern Thailand
- Western Thailand
- Central Thailand
- Eastern Thailand
- Southern Thailand
Economic regions
Ecoregions of Thailand
Administrative divisions of Thailand
- Provinces of Thailand
- Districts of Thailand
- Tambon ("commune" or "subdistrict")
- Thesaban ("municipality")
- Muban ("village")
- Tambon ("commune" or "subdistrict")
- Districts of Thailand
Provinces of Thailand
Thailand is divided into 76 provinces (จังหวัด, changwat) and the metropolitan municipality Bangkok (กรุงเทพมหานคร, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon).
North
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Districts of Thailand
Altogether Thailand has 877 districts (อำเภอ; Amphoe), not including the 50 districts of Bangkok which are called khet (เขต) since the Bangkok administration reform in 1972.
Cities in Thailand
- List of municipalities in Thailand
- Capital of Thailand: Bangkok (กรุงเทพมหานคร)
Demography of Thailand
Government and politics of Thailand
- Constitution of Thailand
- Form of government: Constitutional monarchy
- Capital of Thailand: Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)
- Conflicts in Thailand
- Elections in Thailand
- Royal House of Thailand
- House of Mahidol
- Palace Law of Succession
- Bureau of the Royal Household
- Constitutional organizations of Thailand
- Political parties in Thailand
- Pheu Thai Party
- United Thai Nation Party
- People's Party
- Palang Pracharath Party
- Democrat Party
- Same-sex marriage in Thailand
Branches of the government of Thailand
Executive branch of the government of Thailand
- Head of state: King of Thailand, Vajiralongkorn
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Thailand, Paetongtarn Shinawatra
- Cabinet of Thailand
Legislative branch of the government of Thailand
Judicial branch of the government of Thailand
- Constitution Tribunal
- Rulings of the Constitutional Court of Thailand
- Administrative Court of Thailand
- Criminal Court of Thailand
- No juries
Foreign relations of Thailand
- Diplomatic missions in Thailand
- Diplomatic missions of Thailand
- Foreign aid to Thailand
- Thailand Customs
International organization membership
The Kingdom of Thailand is a member of, or participates in:[5]
Law and order in Thailand
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- Constitution of Thailand
- Crime in Thailand
- Human trafficking in Thailand
- Human rights in Thailand
- Censorship in Thailand
- LGBT rights in Thailand
- Freedom of religion in Thailand
- Law enforcement in Thailand
- South Thailand insurgency
Military of Thailand
- Command
- Forces
- Army of Thailand (more pictures)
- Navy of Thailand
- Air Force of Thailand
- Special forces of Thailand
- Military history of Thailand
- Military ranks of Thailand
History of Thailand
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By period
- Prehistoric Thailand
- Early history of Thailand
- Initial states of Thailand (3 BCE-1238)
- Suvarnabhumi
- Dvaravati
- Lavo
- Haripuñjaya
- Singhanavati
- Pan Pan
- Raktamaritika
- Langkasuka
- Srivijaya
- Tambralinga
- Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1448)
- Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)
- Thonburi Kingdom (1768–1782)
- Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)
- Kingdom of Thailand
By region
- Haripuñjaya
- Isan
- Lan Na
- Nakhon Si Thammarat
- Phitsanulok
By field
- Economic history of Thailand
- Military history of Thailand
Culture of Thailand
- Architecture of Thailand
- Tallest structures in Thailand
- Traditional Thai house
- Thai cuisine
- Diving in Thailand
- Etiquette in Thailand
- Festivals in Thailand
- Languages of Thailand
- Mass media in Thailand
- Museums in Thailand
- National symbols of Thailand
- Thai people
- Traditional Thai clothing
- Prostitution in Thailand
- Public holidays in Thailand
- Women in Thailand
- World Heritage Sites in Thailand
Art in Thailand
- Thai temple art and architecture
- Thai Buddhist sculpture
- Thai Buddhist art
- Cinema of Thailand
- Cinemas in Thailand
- Films shot in Thailand
- Dance in Thailand
- Thai literature
- Music of Thailand
- Television in Thailand
- Theatre in Thailand
- Theatres in Bangkok
- Video games in Thailand
Religion in Thailand
- Buddhism in Thailand
- Dhammayuttika Nikaya
- Maha Nikaya
- List of Buddhist temples in Thailand
- Sangha Supreme Council
- Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
- Christianity in Thailand
- Protestantism in Thailand
- Hinduism in Thailand
- Islam in Thailand
- Sikhism in Thailand
Sports in Thailand
- Badminton in Thailand
- Boxing in Thailand
- Cricket in Thailand
- Cycling in Thailand
- Football in Thailand
- Football Association of Thailand
- List of football clubs in Thailand
- Thai football league system
- Thailand national football team
- Golf in Thailand
- Ice hockey in Thailand
- Rugby union in Thailand
- Thailand women's national rugby union team
- Thailand at the Olympics
- Volleyball in Thailand
Economy and infrastructure of Thailand
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- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 33rd (thirty-third)
- Economic consequences of the 2006 Thai coup d'état
- Agriculture in Thailand
- Banking in Thailand
- Communications in Thailand
- Internet in Thailand
- Telephone numbers in Thailand
- Companies of Thailand
- Currency of Thailand: Baht
- Economic history of Thailand
- Energy in Thailand
- Mining in Thailand
- Oil industry in Thailand
- Stock Exchange of Thailand
- Thai lottery
- Tourism in Thailand
- 32.6 million international visitors in 2016
- 9th most visited country (2016, World Tourism rankings)[6]
- Transport in Thailand (more pictures)
- Airports in Thailand
- Rail transport in Thailand
- Roads in Thailand
- Thai motorway network
- Sufficiency economy
Education in Thailand
- List of schools in Thailand
- List of schools in Bangkok
- List of international schools in Thailand
- List of universities in Thailand
- List of medical schools in Thailand
- Sanam Luang Dhamma Studies
Health in Thailand
- Hospitals in Thailand
- Traditional Thai medicine
See also
- List of international rankings
- Member states of the United Nations
- Outline of Asia
- Outline of geography
References
- ^ Liow, Joseph; Leifer, Michael (20 November 2014). Dictionary of the Modern Politics of Southeast Asia. Routledge. pp. 82–85. ISBN 978-1-317-62233-8. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org.
- ^ a b "Thailand's population drops below 66 million as births hit 75-year low". Khaosod. 17 January 2025. Archived from the original on 18 January 2025. Retrieved 25 March 2025.
- ^ "Geography and area of Thailand". Sawasdee Thailand. 5 November 2025. Archived from the original on 26 June 2025. Retrieved 5 November 2025.
- ^ "Thailand". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 2, 2009. Archived from the original on January 16, 2026. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
- ^ Magalhães, Bianca dos Santos (2017). UNWTO Tourism Highlights: 2017 Edition | World Tourism Organization. doi:10.18111/9789284419029. ISBN 9789284419029.
External links
Thailand travel guide from Wikivoyage- Google Map of Thailand
- Thaigov.go.th Royal Government of Thailand
- Tourism Authority of Thailand Official tourism website
- Thai National Assembly Official Thai Parliament website
- Mfa.go.th Thailand Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Thailand Internet Information National Electronics and Computer Technology Center
- CIA - The World Factbook - Thailand
- Photos tagged with "Thailand" at Flickr
- Birdwatching in Thailand
- Learn Thai Culture.com
- Thailand Country Fact Sheet from the Common Language Project
- Search Thailand
- THAILEX Travel Encyclopedia
- Longdo Map Thailand On-line Thailand map
- Thailand.org Travel Guide