Punnagavarali

Punnagavarali, a raga in Carnatic Music, is a derived scale from Hanumatodi, which is the 8th melakarta Raga in the 72 melakarta system.^[1]

Punnagavarali raga is associated with karuna rasa and snakes (naga means snake). Snake charmers play this scale. It is said to attract snakes, if sung perfectly. In wedding ceremonies, a piece called the Odam usually played at the muhurtam, is often in Punnagavarali. This is an ancient raga and traditional Tamil pieces such as Nondichindu are also set in this.^[2][3][4][5]

Punnagavarali is a nishadantya raga (starts and ends in a single octave, nishada to nishada) and is hence usually presented in the madhyama sruti. In the ascent the chatusruti rishabha also occurs, sometimes. The raga's regal presence is best felt in slow phrases.

The notes include kaisiki nishada, sadja, suddha rishabha, sadharana gandhara, suddha madhyama, pancama and suddha dhaivata. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

• ArOhaNam: N₂ S R₁ G₂ M₁ P D₁ N₂^[a]
• avarOhaNam: N₂ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₁ S N₂^[b]

Some of the popular compositions are listed below.

• Muthuswami Dikshitar's Ehi Annapoorne set to Adi tala and Kamalambikayasthavabhakthoham set to Rupakam tala
• Thyagaraja's Thavadhasoham, Gandhamu Puyyaruga, Dasaradha Nandana, Intha Bhagyamani, Idi Niku, E Nomu Nochithimo and Pahi Kalyanasundhara Rama
• Syama Sastri's Kankashaila Viharini, Enneramum un Pada and Brovasamayamide
• Oothukkadu Venkata Kavi's Neela Vaanam and Natajana Kalpavalli
• Papanasam Sivan's Shiva Ganga Nagaranivasini
• Thirugnanasambandar's Paingottu Malar
• Purandara Dasa's Narayanathe Namo Namo
• Maharaja Swathi Thirunal's Padam Teliviyalum Mukham/Ela Thalir Sayane and Kriti Bhavaye Sri Gopalam
• Kshetrayya's Padam Ninnu Joochi
• Ela Ontiga, a Padam whose composer is disputed to be either Kshetrayya, Chettipunyam Srinivasa Iyengar or Muvvanallur Sabhapati
• Nedunuri Krishnamurthy's Ela Dayaradhe
• Vadiraja Tirtha's Dhavala Gangeya Gangadhara

Punnagavarali has some resemblance to Nadanamakriya.

•Thekkumkooradiyaathi (Ashwamedham 1967) •Enthucheyyendu (Thuruppugulaan 1972) •Aadiyushassil (Manushyan 1979)

•Manikkuyile (Vaalkkannaadi 2002) •Paalkkadalil pallikollum (Goureeshankaram 2003) •Sundarana (D) (Kanaka Simhaasanam 2006) •Dukhathinundoru (Naadabrahmam 2011)^[6]

"Oo Antava Oo Oo Antava" from the film Pushpa: The Rise is also based on this raga

• List of Film Songs based on Ragas

• [1]
• [2]